Coffee Science_v.16, 2021
URI permanente para esta coleção${dspace.url}/handle/123456789/12727
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Item Low concentration fertigation solution allows greater macronutrient use efficiency in coffee seedlings(Editora UFLA, 2021) Rosa, Kelly Martins; Paiva, Paulo Eduardo Branco; Coelho, Victor Peçanha de Miranda; Carvalho, Mychelle; Assis, Henrico Luis Bizão deCoffee seedling production in cone-shaped containers and substrate results in lower sanitary risk and costs. With the use of small containers and sub strates with low fertilizer levels, fertigation is necessary for seedling development. An experiment was carried out with three macronutrient concentra tions (electrical conductivities of 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 dS m-1) and a non-fertilized control using Coffea arabica cv. Topázio seedlings in 50 cm3 cone-shaped containers and composted pine bark-based substrate. The following fertilizers (expressed in g m-3 of water) were used in the nutrient solution with EC of 1.0 dS m-1: Ca(NO3)2 (400), KNO3 (250), MgSO4 (175), (NH4)PO4 (50) and ConMicros Standard® (25). In the solutions with 2.0 and 3.0 dS m-1, macronutrient concentration was doubled and tripled, while micronutrients remained the same. At four months we assessed EC and pH of the solution drained, shoot dry mass, shoot nutrient concentration and accumulation and macronutrient use efficiency. Fertigation with 1.0 and 2.0 dS m-1 produced seedlings with greater mass (+10%) than fertigation with 3.0 dS m-1, while higher macronutrient supplies increased shoot N, P, K, Mg and S concentration. Fertigation with 2.0 dS m-1 caused greater shoot N, P, K and Ca accumulation and this conductivity also resulted in higher accumulation of B, Fe, Mn and Zn without increasing the micronutrient supply. The response to the increase in Ca in the nutrient solution is evident in the accumulation of this nutrient in the plant but not its concentration, possibly due to the dilution effect. Micronutrient accumulation in this species is also more adequate for determining nutritional status than the concentration in the plant. The least concentrated macronutrient solution increases nutrient use efficiency in C. arabica seedlings as well as being economically and environmentally more sustainable.Item Development of coffee seedlings with biostimulants(Editora UFLA, 2021) Moreira, Wanderson Lopes; Ferraz-Almeida, RiselySustainable coffee production has become an alternative to aggregate value to coffee. Biostimulants are presented to increasing coffee quality and production. This study aims to compare and evaluate the application of biostimulants in the initial development of coffee seedlings. An experiment was carried out with applications of biostimulants: (i) 4-indole-3-ylbutyric acid + gibberellic acid + cinetina, AIA+AG+C; (ii) foliar fertilizer + algae, F+A; (iii) vegetal extracts + gibberellic acid, EV+AA. After 94 days of applying the biostimulants, monitored the length of the aerial part (LAP), the number of leaves (NL), stem diameter, root biomass (pivoting, auxiliary and total). Results showed that the F+A promoted the greatest LAP, NL, and root biomass. AIA+AG+C showed similar performance as F+A in NL. There was a higher production of auxiliary roots with biostimulants impacting positively on plant paraments. Given the results, we concluded that biostimulants based on mixed foliar fertilizer + algae demonstrated to be a better alternative to increasing the devel opment of the aerial and root part of coffee seedlings.Item Coffee seedling growthafter legume cultivation in soils with contrasting phosphorus contents(Editora UFLA, 2021) Pereira, Djalma Silva; Costa, Liovando Marciano da; Carmo, Davi Lopes do; Rocha, Ana Caroline Teixeira; Pereira, Antônio AlvesCoffee seedling growth depends on soil phosphorus (P) availability and may be influenced by from pre-cultivation with legumes. Efficient and sustainable ways to increase the bioavailability of P through the recovery of P adsorbed by the soil matrix should be sought. This study proposed to evaluate the growth and P-use efficiency of coffee seedlings cultivated in soils with different P availability after cultivation with legumes. The experiment was carried out in a fully randomized design. Treatments were arranged in a factorial scheme [(2 x 4) + 1]: two soil types, pre-cultivation with four legume species, and one control (without pre-cultivation). The studied soils comprised a Typical Acriferic Red Oxisol (LVwf) with low-P availability and a Typical Chernossolic Litholytic Entisol (RLm) with high-P availability. The legume species Crotalaria juncea, Cajanus cajan, Canavalia ensiformis, and Mucuna aterrima were previously cultivated for 45 days. Afterwards, coffee seedlings were transplanted to the pots, which were then grown for 120 days until evaluations. We assessed the following parameters: plant height (H), stem diameter (SD), shoot dry matter (SDM), root dry matter (RDM), total dry matter (TDM), and shoot contents of macronutrients. Our results showed that coffee seedlings grew more when cultivated in the high-P availability soil, with increments of 13.05% in H, 4.86% in SD, 46.98% in SDM, 17.61% in RDM, and 41.80% in TDM.We also observed an increase of 28.09% in shoot P contents for coffee seedlings grown in RLm. Moreover, pre-cultivation with C. juncea provided the largest increases in coffee seedling growth compared to the control. When grown after C. ensiformis cultivation, coffee seedlings had the highest shoot contents of P, Ca, Mg, and S, which, compared to control, increased by 45%, 39%, 18%, and 17%, respectively.