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Item Effect of Microwave Use on Kawa Daun Production: Production, Composition, and Antioxidant Properties(Editora UFLA, 2025-06-03) Arief, Rastra Gemi Nastiti; Malrianti, Yefsi; Kasim, Anwar; Neswati; SujatmikoKawa daun tea is a drink made of dried coffee leaves from Western Sumatra, offering refreshing benefits for the body. The use of a microwave in the drying process proves to be an effective method due to its significantly high efficiency. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of varying drying time using microwave on the characteristics of coffee leaves, kawa daun tea, and drinking water, as well as to determine effect of microwave treatment. This study uses a complete random design with ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) and followed by a DNMRT (Duncan’s News Multiple Range Test). The results showed that the difference in drying times significantly affected properties of coffee tea leaves, specifically on the total water-soluble substance test. However, there was no substantial impact on the yield, water level, polyphenols level, caffeine level, and antioxidant activity. The length was also affected by polyphenols level, total soluble solidity, and water solubility antioxidant activity, but did not impact caffeine content test. The maximum time for optimal drying coffee leaves was two minutes with a yield of 35.99% hydration, 4.33% water level, 48.56 mgGAE/g total polyphenols level, 0.56% caffeine level, 63.43% oxidative activity, and 4.61% total water-soluble material. In the chemical analysis of drinking water, the results obtained were total polyphenol content of 28.1 mg GAE/g, caffeine content of 0.45%, total dissolved solids of 1.87%, and antioxidant activity of 88.79%. Thus, it is also concluded that there is no negative effect of drying coffee leaves with a microwave.Item Antioxidant Activity and Phytochemicals of Freeze-dried and Spray-dried Soluble Coffee Brews(Editora UFLA, 2025-05-19) Susilawati, I Dewa Ayu; Muzeka, FrediThis study analyzed the antioxidant activity and the concentration of several phytochemicals i.e. polyphenols, caffeine, glutathione (GSH), and protein, of freeze-dried and spray-dried soluble coffee brews. Six types of coffee samples were analyzed i.e., 1) Spray-Dried Robusta instant coffee (SDR), 2) Freeze-Dried Robusta instant coffee (FDR), 3) Regular Robusta coffee powder (RR), 4) Spray-Dried Arabica instant coffee (SDA), 5) Freeze-Dried Arabica instant coffee (FDA), and 6) Regular Arabica coffee powder (RA). Antioxidant activity was determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Polyphenols, caffeine, glutathione, and protein were measured spectrophotometrically. Results showed that freeze-dried instant coffee (both robusta and arabica) in a concentration of 500 ppm demonstrated DPPH radical scavenger activity >80% and significantly higher (p<0.05) compared to spray-dried soluble coffee and regular coffee brews. This level was maintained in concentrations of 750 ppm, 1000 ppm, and 1500 ppm. The higher antioxidant activity of freeze-dried coffee brew was in line with the higher concentration of polyphenols, caffeine, GSH, and protein. In conclusion, freeze-dried instant coffee demonstrated more sensitive antioxidant activity, probably due to its more abundant polyphenols, caffeine, GSH, and protein.Item Coffee and blood pressure(Universidade Federal de Lavras, 2024-06-17) Nurvita, Silvia; Rizkaprilisa, WindyCoffee has a characteristic taste, aroma and color that attracts its fans. Coffee is one of the drinks most consumed after mineral water. Annual coffee consumption is estimated at around 500 billion cups/year. Coffee contains a lot of caffeine and other chemical compounds. Coffee having a positive impact on health, also has a negative impact on health. The negative impact of coffee on health is that coffee affects blood pressure (BP) and the risk of hypertension. This research aims to determine the effect of coffee on blood pressure according to existing research. This research method uses the Literature Review (LR) research type. The article inclusion criteria used for this research were articles published in 2020-2023 with the keywords coffee, blood pressure, the relationship between coffee and blood pressure, the effect of coffee and blood pressure. This research found three articles that met the inclusion criteria for this research. The results of this research explain that three articles, there are two articles which prove that coffee consumption has no effect on blood pressure, but there is one article which shows that the duration of coffee consumption has an effect on systolic blood pressure. The conclusion of this literature study from these three articles can be concluded that on average coffee consumption has no effect on blood pressure. Coffee that is good for health is pure coffee that is brewed without a sugar.Item Roasting variations and brewing methods in the preparation of clear Coffee Beverages from Gayo Arabica Coffee(Universidade Federal de Lavras, 2024-07-29) Sulaiman, Ismail; Marsyanda; Erika, CutCoffee drinks are trendy drinks around the world, and they usually contain caffeine. However, this research focuses on creating a coffee drink that does not contain caffeine so that those who cannot consume it can enjoy it. The resulting coffee drink is a colorless coffee drink. The coffee production process initially produces a black-colored drink, but it can turn it into a clear-colored drink through distillation and chemical methods. This research aims to study the process of making clear coffee by varying roasting and brewing levels with various variations to obtain clear-colored coffee and low caffeine levels. Preparation of clear coffee drinks is done by brewing espresso and Tobruk, which is then analyzed for pH, caffeine, and color tests on the results of the clear coffee drink. Based on the ranking test on each parameter tested on clear coffee drinks, the best treatment is using the distillation method, espresso brewing, and medium roasting level. The analysis results of this selected formulation produced a transparent beverage color (clear), pH 3.5, and caffeine levels of 4.639 mg/mL.Item Green coffee extract attenuates Parkinson’s-related behaviors in animal models(Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 2021-11-01) Molska, Graziella R.; Paula-Freire, Lyvia Izaura G.; Sakalem, Marna E.; Köhn, Daniele O.; Negri, Giuseppina; Carlini, Elisaldo A.; Mendes, Fúlvio R.Epidemiological studies have shown an inverse association between coffee consumption and the development of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The effects of the oral treatment with green (non-roasted) coffee extracts (CE, 100 or 400 mg/kg) and caffeine (31.2 mg/kg) were evaluated on catalepsy induced by haloperidol in mice, and unilateral 6-OHDA lesion of medial forebrain bundle (MFB) or striatum in rats. Also, the in vitro antioxidant activity and the monoamine levels in the striatum were investigated. CE presented a mild antioxidant activity in vitro and its administration decreased the catalepsy index. CE at the dose of 400 mg/kg induced ipsilateral rotations 14 days after lesion; however, chronic 30-day CE and caffeine treatments did not interfere with the animals’ rotation after apomorphine or methamphetamine challenges in animals with MFB lesion, nor on monoamines levels. Furthermore, CE and caffeine were effective in inhibiting the asymmetry between ipsilateral and contralateral rotations induced by methamphetamine and apomorphine in animals with lesion in the striatum but did not avoid the monoamines depletion. These results indicate that CE components indirectly modulate dopaminergic transmission, suggesting a pro-dopaminergic action of CE, and further investigation must be conducted to elucidate the mechanisms of action and the possible neuroprotective role in PD.Item Bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, physical and sensory characteristics of Mırra coffee(Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, 2022-03-18) Yalçinkaya, Cihan; Abdalla, Hassan Sarbaz; Bakkalbasi, EmreMırra is a coffee beverage widely consumed in Syria and Turkey, and often produced from roasted and ground coffee beans. Recently, it is prepared from classical instant coffee. In this study, some physicochemical, bioactive and sensory properties of Mırra samples were determined. The average viscosity, °Brix, HMF, total phenolic content, DPPH and ABTS values were 1.36 cP, 3.70, 71.60 mg/L, 3431.55 mg GA eq./L, 6.24 mmol Trol. eq./mL and 35.23 mmol Trol. eq./mL for Mırra samples made by traditional process, and 4.85 cP, 16.36, 303.3 mg/L, 11276.47 mg GA eq./L, 23.89 mmol Trol. eq./mL and 89.70 mmol Trol. eq./mL for Mırra samples made with classic instant coffee, respectively. All Mırra samples also contained high levels of caffeine (1416.93 - 4347.46 mg/L). Chlorogenic acid, 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid and trans-5-O-caffeoylquinic acid were identified in Mırra samples. Total chlorogenic acid contents of Mırra samples were ranged from 1097.85 to 5283.21 mg/L. In all sensory parameters, Mırras with °Brix value over 5.75 had high scores. Results show that Mırra has high antioxidant activity. However, Mırra consumption may have negative health effects for risk groups due to the high caffeine content.Item Cold coffee beverages extracted by cold and hot methods: composition and sensory acceptance by youngers(Editora UFLA, 2021) Violin, João Leonardo; Acre, Lucas Bonfanti; Francisco, Julyene Silva; Mori, André Luiz Buzzo; Benassi, Marta de ToledoBrazil is the second largest coffee consumer in the world, however, the participation of the young public in this market is not very expressive. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of non-sensory (packaging color, information, and images) and brewing methods (hot or cold extraction) on the acceptance of cold coffee beverages by young consumers. A coffee:water ratio of 1:10 (w:v) and infusion during 4 min and 24 h was used for both hot and cold extractions, respectively. Hot extraction was performed at 95 °C, then cooled in a refrigerator and served at 6 to 10 °C, the same temperature that the cold extraction was performed and served. The beverages were characterized by composition and extraction yield. The packaging of the beverages was designed aiming to appeal to the young Brazilian public (15 to 24 years old), and it was used for the Expectation Evaluation. The type of extraction (hot or cold) produced beverages with differences in composition but with similar acceptance. Except for pH (average value of 5.1), the beverages differed in all the studied parameters. Hot-extracted beverages (iced coffees) had higher contents of caffeine, chlorogenic acids, and melanoidins (92.9, 258.2, and 360.8∙10-6 kg 100 mL-1, respectively); they also presented higher acidity (3.4 mL of NaOH 20 mL-1) as well as higher yield compared to the cold-extracted beverages (cold brews). The use on product labels of brown and black colors, coffee bean images, and the inclusion of information regarding the bever ages (extraction method, consumption temperature, non-addition of sugar) generated a positive expectation that was assimilated by the young public. In conclusion, both proposals of cold coffee beverages (by hot or cold extraction) were well accepted considering their sensory and non-sensory aspects.Item Main minerals and organic compounds in commercial roasted and ground coffee: an exploratory data analysis(Sociedade Brasileira de Química, 2021) Kalschnea, Daneysa Lahis; Silva, Nathalia Karen; Canan, Cristiane; Benassi, Marta de Toledo; Flores, Eder Lisandro Moraes; Leite, Oldair DonizeteCoffee is one of the most popular beverages in the world, however, little information is found regarding the mineral composition of commercial roasted and ground coffees (RG) and its correlation with organic bioactive compounds. 21 commercial Brazilian RG coffee brands - 9 traditional (T) and 12 extra strong (ES) roasted ones - were analyzed for the Cu, Ca, Mn, Mg, K, Zn, and Fe minerals, caffeine, 5-caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA) and melanoidins contents. For minerals determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), the samples were decomposed by microwave-assisted wet digestion. Caffeine and 5-CQA were determined by liquid chromatography and melanoidins by molecular absorption spectrometry. The minerals and organic compounds contents association in RG coffee was observed by a principal component analysis. The thermostable compounds (minerals and caffeine) were related to dimension 1 and 2, while 5-CQA and melanoidins were related to dimension 3, allowing for the T coffees segmentation from ES ones.Item Effect of the postharvest processing method on the biochemical composition and sensory analysis of arabica coffee(Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola, 2020) Rodriguez, Yeison F. B.; Guzman, Nelson G.; Hernandez, Joel G.The objective of this work was to study the influence of two postharvest processing methods on the biochemical composition and sensory analysis of a Colombian specialty coffee. For this purpose, coffee beans (Coffea arabica) of the Castillo variety were collected and processed using the wet and semi-dry methods, and the drying process was conducted in a sun drier prototype with a plastic parabolic cover, with a maximum drying air temperature of 50 °C; green coffee beans were managed according to the oficial Specialty Coffee Association cupping protocol and roasted to a medium and dark degree. Physicochemical determinations (pH, color, titratable acidity, caffeine content, and chlorogenic acid quantification) in green coffee and roasted coffee beans were performed; the sensory analysis was performed by a panel of trained tasters. The wet and semi-dry processing methods resulted in differences in color parameters, pH values, and caffeine content. However, the titratable acidity, chlorogenic acid, and sensory evaluation did not have any difference; therefore, the type of coffee processing method used is not relevant to the final chemical properties of the roasted coffee (i.e., the Castillo variety) evaluated in this study; the coffee cup score is also not affected, and the post-fermentation washing process can be dispensed with.Item Characterization of Roasted Coffea arabica Species by the Relationship Between Caffeine and Diterpenes Contents(Instituto de Tecnologia do Paraná - Tecpar, 2020) Zanin, Rodolfo Campos; Kitzberger, Cíntia Sorane Good; Benassi, Marta de ToledoCommercial roasted and ground coffees are usually blends of Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora. Considering the differences in price and sensory characteristics between these two species, the identification of the presence of each species in commercial blends is of great interest. The aim of this study was to describe typical profiles of caffeine and diterpenes (kahweol and cafestol) contents and the ratios among these compounds to support the characterization of Coffea species in roasted coffees. 32 good cup quality Brazilian C. arabica coffees (from coffee quality contests) produced using different postharvest treatments were studied. All analysis were performed by HPLC. Higher ranges were observed in diterpene contents – kahweol varied from 1.75 to 10.68 g/kg (coefficient of variation of 510%) and cafestol from 1.76 to 9.66 g/kg (449%) – than caffeine, that varied from 5.1 to 16.2 g/kg (coefficient of variation of 218%). Wide ranges of the kahweol/cafestol ratio (0.63 to 2.77) and the caffeine/kahweol ratio (0.84 to 5.15) were also observed. Hence it was proposed the additional use of a new parameter, the ratio of caffeine/sum of diterpenes (kahweol + cafestol) that presents values from 0.54 to 2.39. The results indicated that the combined use of these parameters could be a potential tool for discriminating Coffea species in blends of roasted and ground coffee. It was proposed as potentially indicative of C. arabica: values of kahweol/cafestol ratio above 0.50, associated with caffeine/kahweol ratio lower than 5.50 and caffeine/sum of diterpenes ratio lower than 2.50.