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Item Genetic parameters and chemical characterization of conilon coffee accessions under irrigation in the Cerrado(Editora da Universidade Estadual de Maringá - EDUEM, 2024-10-25) Brige, Felipe Augusto Alves; Amabile, Renato Fernando; Malaquias, Juaci Vitória; Celestino, Sonia Maria Costa; Fagioli, Marcelo; Delvico, Francisco Marcos dos Santos; Veiga, Adriano Delly; Sala, Pedro Ivo Aquino LeiteThe objective of this study was to identify the genetic, phenotypic and environmental parameters related to chemical compounds associated with beverage quality in a conilon coffee collection, grown in an irrigated system, in the Cerrado. The experiment was carried out at Embrapa Cerrados using green grains harvested in two years from 84 genotypes of the cultivar Robusta Tropical. Caffeine content, protein, ether extract, total soluble solids, pH and titratable acidity were evaluated. The data were subjected to analysis of variance. Significant differences were observed at 1% probability among accessions for all evaluated chemical characteristics in both harvest years. The high heritability, genetic coefficients of variation and selective accuracy reveal the potential for achieving genetic gains via the selection of genotypes adapted to the irrigated system in the Cerrado combined with high beverage quality.Item Assessment of leaf anatomic and physiological characteristics and genetic divergence among Coffea arabica L. cultivars in the Brazilian Savanna(Escola de Agronomia - UFG, 2022-01-16) Santos, Cyntia Stephânia dos; Pereira, Fernanda Aparecida Castro; Mauri, Janaína; Viana, Mariana Thereza Rodrigues; Rodrigues, Gustavo Costa; Veiga, Adriano Delly; Bartholo, Gabriel Ferreira; Carvalho, Milene Alves de FigueiredoThe knowledge on cultivars is essential for parental choosing on breeding programs. This research aimed to study the genetic divergence of Coffea arabica L. cultivars from a germoplasm bank of the Embrapa Cerrados, Brazil, for leaf anatomic and physiological characteristics. A total of 23 cultivars were evaluated: Acaiá Cerrado MG1474, Araponga MG1, Catiguá MG1, Catiguá MG2, Catiguá MG3, Catiguá MG3 P4, Catiguá MG3 P5, Catiguá MG3 P7, Catiguá MG3 P9, Catiguá MG3 P23, Catiguá MG3 P51, Catuaí Amarelo IAC 62, Catuaí Vermelho IAC 15, Catuaí Vermelho IAC 81, Catuaí Vermelho IAC 99, Caturra Vermelho MG0187, Guatenano Colis MG0207, Mundo Novo IAC 379-19, Paraíso MG1, Pau Brasil MG1, Sacramento MG1, San Ramon MG0198 and Topázio MG1190. In addition to the genetic divergence, the broad sense heritability and coefficient of genetic and environmental variation were also evaluated. All characteristics showed high coefficients of genetic variation and heritability values greater than 70 %, indicating a predominance of genetic over environmental factors, and that these are characteristics likely to obtain genetic gain. Catiguá MG1, Catiguá MG3 P51 and Topázio MG1190 stood out, with superior gas exchange characteristics. Attributes related to gas exchange were important for cultivar differentiation, demonstrating that they can be used in the early selection of Coffea arabica L. genotypes.Item Maturation and detachment force for mechanized harvesting of irrigated Conilon coffee in the Brazilian Cerrado(Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa, 2023-02-17) Santin, Mateus Rollemberg; Amabile, Renato Fernando; Malaquias, Juaci Vitória; Veiga, Adriano Delly; Brige, Felipe Augusto Alves; Sala, Pedro Ivo Aquino LeiteThe objective of this work was to determine the force required to detach fruits of Conilon coffee (Coffea canephora) genotypes in five maturation stages, to determinate the best stage for mechanized harvest, and to verify the possibility of future selections of genotypes adapted to mechanized harvesting. Harvests were carried out in the 2013/2014 crop season, and the detachment force was determined based for six fruits from each side of the crop row, collected randomly from the middle third of the plants. The detachment force curve was obtained for each cycle through logistic regression, using the R software. According to the duration of their cycle, the genotypes were divided into super early, early, medium, and semilate; the values of the coefficients of the detachment force curve equation were also obtained. There is genetic variability regarding fruit detachment force throughout the maturation cycle, which indicates the possibility of selecting genotypes adapted to mechanized harvesting. Fruit detachment force shows a considerable drop in the final stages of maturation. The raisin stage is the best for the mechanized harvest of irrigated Conilon coffee in the Cerrado.Item Agronomic, anatomic and physiological characterization of Coffea arabica L. genotypes on irrigated system in the Central Cerrado(Universidade Federal de Lavras, 2022-12-29) Santos, Cyntia Stephânia dos; Matos, Nagla Maria Sampaio de; Rezende, Tiago Teruel; Mauri, Janaína; Rodrigues, Gustavo Costa; Veiga, Adriano Delly; Bartholo, Gabriel Ferreira; Carvalho, Milene Alves de FigueiredoDue to climatic conditions and the possibility of using machineries, coffee has a potential to achieve high yields with reduced costs, in the biome of Cerrado. Leaf anatomy and physiology can help in the identification of more adapted cultivars to a given environmental condition. The objective is to verify the behavior of Coffea arabica L. genotypes in the Cerrado of the Brazilian Central Plateau through anatomical and physiological characterization and yield. Ten coffee genotypes from the Active Germplasm Bank located in the municipality of Planaltina, Distrito Federal, were evaluated. The genotypes evaluated were: Araponga MG1, Catiguá MG2, Catiguá MG3 P23, Catiguá MG3 P7, Catiguá MG3 P51, Catiguá MG3 P, Catuaí Amarelo IAC 62, Catuaí Vermelho IAC 15, Paraíso MG1 and Topázio MG 1190. The phenotypic characteristics evaluated were the thickness of: adaxial cuticle surface, adaxial and abaxial epidermis surfaces, the palisade and spongy parenchyma, the mesophyll layer, the phloem, number and diameter of the xylem vessels, stomatal density, relationship between the polar and equatorial diameter of the stoma, specific leaf area, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, net photosynthetic rate, water use efficiency, intercellular carbon concentration and yield. Genotypes of Coffea arabica L. presented a distinction between the characteristics evaluated when grown under climatic conditions of the Brazilian Central Plateau Cerrado, highlighting the variations in the behavior and distinguished adaptation in this environment. The Araponga MG1 genotype stood out for anatomical and physiological characteristics of higher values, such as net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular carbon concentration, abaxial and adaxial epidermis thickness, stomatal density and number of xylem vessels. The genotype Paraíso MG1 stands out for higher grain productivity. The genotype Catuaí Vermelho IAC 15 stands out for anatomical and physiological characteristics such as higher stomatal density, greater number of xylem vessels and greater efficiency in water use, resulting in improved productivity.Item Armazenabilidade de sementes de cafeeiro colhidas em diferentes estádios de maturação e submetidas a diferentes métodos de secagem(Associação Brasileira de Tecnologia de Sementes, 2007-05-22) Veiga, André Delly; Guimarães, Renato Mendes; Rosa, Sttela Dellyzete Veiga Franco da; Von Pinho, Édila Vilela de Resende; Silva, Luiz Hildebrando de Castro e; Veiga, Adriano DellyO momento da colheita e os métodos de secagem podem influenciar a qualidade das sementes de cafeeiro durante o armazenamento. Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos do estádio de maturação e do método de secagem sobre a qualidade fisiológica e a armazenabilidade de sementes de cafeeiro. Os ensaios foram realizados nos Laboratórios de Análise de Sementes e de Técnicas Moleculares do Departamento de Agricultura da UFLA. Os frutos do cultivar Rubi foram colhidos, despolpados, e as sementes lavadas e deixadas sobre papel para retirada da água superficial. As sementes nos estádios verde cana e cereja foram submetidas à secagem convencional (à sombra) e à secagem em secador estacionário sob temperatura de 35ºC. Como testemunha foram analisadas sementes sem secagem. As avaliações foram feitas imediatamente após os tratamentos de secagem e após 4 e 8 meses de armazenamento. As sementes foram armazenadas a 10ºC em sacos plásticos impermeáveis. Foram realizados os testes de germinação, de protrusão radicular, de matéria seca de plântulas, de índice de velocidade de emergência, de condutividade elétrica, além de análises eletroforéticas de proteínas resistentes ao calor e da quantificação da atividade da enzima endo-ß-mananase. O delineamento foi inteiramente ao acaso em esquema fatorial dois (estádios de maturação) x três (métodos de secagem) x três (tempos de armazenamento), com quatro repetições. Sementes de cafeeiro colhidas no estádio cereja têm maior potencial de armazenamento que no estádio verde cana. Ocorre redução de germinação e vigor nas sementes de cafeeiro colhidas no estádio verde cana, quando submetidas à secagem rápida. A presença ou intensidade de bandas de proteínas resistentes ao calor está associada à secagem das sementes. Ocorre maior atividade da enzima endo-ß-mananase em sementes colhidas no estádio cereja que no estádio verde-cana. Ocorre aumento da atividade da enzima endo-ß-mananase durante o armazenamento.Item Inibição do desenvolvimento in vitro de embriões de Coffea por cafeína exógena(Associação Brasileira de Tecnologia de Sementes, 2006-05-30) Rosa, Sttela Dellyzete Veiga Franco da; Santos, Cíntia Guimarães dos; Paiva, Renato; Melo, Patrícia Leonardo Queiroz de; Veiga, André Delly; Veiga, Adriano DellyA cafeína, alcalóide conhecido como 1,3,7-trimetilxantina, é encontrada em sementes quiescentes de cafeeiro, perfazendo um total de 1,1 a 1,7% em Coffea arabica L. e 2 a 3% em Coffea canephora Pierre, localizada em sua grande maioria no endosperma, na forma livre no citoplasma das células ou complexada com ácidos clorogênicos. Com função fisiológica em plantas ainda não totalmente esclarecida, a cafeína causa efeito alelopático, seja inibindo a germinação de várias espécies, seja como anti-herbívoro ou como agente pesticida natural. A lenta germinação de sementes de café ainda não foi esclarecida e várias causas são apontadas, como presença do endocarpo, baixa absorção de água e O2, presença de inibidores naturais e balanço hormonal. Embora sugeridos, estudos sobre a inibição de sementes de cafeeiro por ação da cafeína endógena e ou exógena são escassos. Assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o efeito da cafeína exógena sobre a germinação e o desenvolvimento de embriões de Coffea arabica L. e de Coffea canephora Pierre. O experimento foi realizado utilizando-se frutos no estádio cereja das cultivares Rubi e Apoatã IAC-2258. Após desinfestação dos frutos por 30 minutos de imersão em hipoclorito de sódio (2% i.a.) e lavagem por três vezes em água destilada e autoclavada, os embriões foram retirados e inoculados, de modo asséptico, em placas de petri com meio MS 50%, acrescido de sacarose e suplementado com diferentes concentrações de cafeína (0,00; 0,05; 0,10; 0,15; 0,20; 0,25; 0,30 e 0,40%). Os embriões foram mantidos em sala de crescimento a 27 ± 2ºC e densidade de fluxo de fótons de 13µmol.m-2.s-1, durante 23 dias, quando foram avaliados comprimento da parte aérea, comprimento de raiz e massa fresca das plântulas. Cinco dias após o cultivo, foram avaliadas a porcentagem de emissão de radículas e cotilédones, computando-se os embriões com cotilédones abertos e radículas expandidas. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado com seis repetições por tratamento, sendo cada repetição constituída por cinco embriões. Concluiu-se que a germinação e o desenvolvimento in vitro de embriões de Coffea arabica L. e Coffea canephora Pierre são afetados por cafeína exógena. O efeito detrimental da cafeína exógena em embriões de Coffea é maior nas radículas do que nos cotilédones. Embriões de Coffea arabica L. são mais sensíveis aos efeitos negativos da cafeína exógena do que embriões de Coffea canephora Pierre. A cafeína pode contribuir para a lenta germinação de sementes e o lento desenvolvimento de plântulas de cafeeiro.Item Minimum period to assess the potential of germination of coffee seeds(Associação Brasileira de Tecnologia de Sementes - ABRATES, 2013) Guimarães, Gabriel Castanheira; Rosa, Sttela Dellyzette Veiga Franco da; Coelho, Luis Filipe Serafim; Veiga, Adriano Delly; Clemente, Aline da Consolação SampaioIn recent research, early stages of coffee seedling development were identified, after radicle protrusion, in which all the essential parts of the seedling can be assessed to demonstrate the potential of seed germination to generate normal plants. Thus, the objective of this research was to develop studies to reduce the time on the germination test. Ten seed lots of coffee were assessed through the germination test, every two days, from the tenth day of sowing, according to the morphological criteria of the seedlings. The data were compared to the standard germination test and analyzed by means of regression analysis and segmented nonlinear regression and planteau response model. It was concluded that the assessment of coffee seedlings at 16 days, in stage S1, provides the similar result of the pattern germination test, allowing a significant reduction of time in order to demonstrate the germination of the seed lots; the seedling assessment coffee in stage S2 does not have reduction of the time for assessing the coffee germination, in relation to the pattern.Item Behavior of coffee seeds to desiccation tolerance and storage(Associação Brasileira de Tecnologia de Sementes - ABRATES, 2014) Abreu, Luciana Aparecida de Souza; Veiga, Adriano Delly; Pinho, Édila Vilela de Resende Von; Monteiro, Fiorita Faria; Rosa, Sttela Dellyzette Veiga Franco daThe technology developed by breeding programs is applied to coffee seeds; however, after processing and drying, they lose viability within a short period of time, thus making storage unsuitable. The objective of this research was to evaluate the quality of coffee seeds submitted to different drying methods and moisture contents during storage. The coffee seeds were submitted to conventional drying (slow shade drying) and fast drying in a static drier until they reached a moisture content of 40, 20, 12 and 5%. After this process, the seeds were stored in a cold chamber for 12 months, and seed quality was evaluated before and during storage by the germination test, electrophoretic patterns of heat resistant proteins, and the activity of isoenzyme systems. Conventional drying (slow shade drying) at 20% of moisture content maintains coffee seed quality until 12 months of storage.Item Soil enzymatic activity under coffee cultivation with different water regimes associated to liming and intercropped brachiaria(Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2022) Rodrigues, Raquel Nogueira; Reis Junior, Fábio Bueno dos; Lopes, André Alves de Castro; Rocha, Omar Cruz; Guerra, Antônio Fernando; Veiga, Adriano Delly; Mendes, Ieda de CarvalhoThis research evaluated the effects of coffee cultivation with two different water regimes associated or not with liming and the presence/absence of brachiaria as intercrop on the activities of the soil enzymes β-glucosidase, arylsulfatase and acid phosphatase. The study was carried out at the experimental farm of Embrapa Cerrados, using the cultivar IAC 144 (Coffea arabica L.), under a clayey dystrophic Cerrado Oxisol. Two water regimes (WR) were considered, WR1 with irrigation shifts throughout the year and WR3 with controlled water stress, for about 70 days, in the dry season. In each water regime, effects of lime application (with/without) and the presence/absence of brachiaria cultivated between the lines of coffee plants were evaluated. The activities of the enzymes β-glucosidase, arylsulfatase and acid phosphatase were evaluated during the rainy and dry seasons. Liming and intercropped brachiaria positively affected the activities of the three enzymes assessed in this study at varying degrees, depending on season and/or the WR. Our findings evidenced that intercropped brachiaria in coffee rows was the factor that most positively impacted soil enzymes activ ities.Item Arabica coffee cultivars in different water regimes in the central cerrado region(Editora UFLA, 2019-07) Veiga, Adriano Delly; Rodrigues, Gustavo Costa; Rocha, Omar Cruz; Bartholo, Gabriel Ferreira; Guerra, Antônio Fernando; Silva, Thiago Paulo daPhenotypic characterization of coffee cultivars under an irrigation system, as well as adaptability to controlled water stress, aiming at flowering uniformity, high yield and grain quality, plays an important role in coffee production in the cerrado areas. A field trial was carried out aiming to evaluate the agronomic performance of arabica coffee cultivars under different water regimes, using center pivot irrigation: irrigation throughout the year (WR1); suspended at the end of June for 40 days until leaf water potential reached -1.5 MPa (WR2); suspended at the end of June for 70 days until leaf water potential reached -2.3 MPa (WR3); suspended at the end of June for 100 days until leaf water potential reached -3.4 MPa (WR4); and a non-irrigated regime (WR5). The following traits were analyzed: plant height, stem diameter, canopy projection, number of plagiotropic branches, coffee grain yield, percentage of fruit in the cherry stage, and sieve retention percentages. Higher yield, plant growth, and percentage of fruit in the cherry stage are observed in the water regime with seventy days of controlled water stress (WR3). The Obatã IAC 1669-20 cultivar exhibits high yield and plant growth values in an irrigated system, and Catuaí Amarelo IAC 86 stands out in the non-irrigated system. For these genotypes, the coffee grain yield is most highly correlated with number of reproductive branches.