Revista Ceres
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Item Nematóides associados ao cafeeiro no Estado do Espírito Santo(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 1996) Fonseca, Aymbré Francisco Almeida da; Liberato, José Ricardo; Dias, Waldir PereiraA nematological survey was carried out in 1992 in the coffee production area of Espírito Santo State, Brazil, to know the different genera of coffee parasitic nematodes in that State. The phytonematodes found and their frequencies (%) in the samples were: 1) Coffea arabica: Helicotylenchus sp. (68.8), Meloidogyne exigua (35.5), Aphelenchus sp. (33.3), Criconemella sp. (20.0), Xiphinema sp. (13.3), Pratylenchus sp. (13.3), Ditylenchus sp. (17.7), Aphelenchoides sp. (17.7), Tylenchus sp. (4.4), Meloidogyne sp. (juveniles) (2.0) and Rotylenchulus sp. (2.2). 2) Coffea canephora var. kouillou: Aphelenchus sp. (56.3) Helicotylenchus sp. (25.0) Ditylenchus sp. (21.9), Meloidogyne sp. (juveniles) (20.3), Pratylenchus sp. (17.2), Tylenchus sp. (15.6), Aphelenchoides sp. (14.0), Criconemella sp. (10.9), Rotylenchulus sp. (10.9) and Xiphinema sp. (1.5).Item Comparação entre derriça manual e mecânica de frutos e cafeeiro(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2006-01) Souza, Cristiano Márcio Alves de; Queiroz, Daniel Marçal de; Rafull, Leidy Zulys Leyva; Cecon, Paulo RobertoEste trabalho compara a derriça manual e a derriça feita com derriçadora portátil durante a colheita de frutos de cafeeiros. Os testes foram realizados em plantas da variedade Catucaí em diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento (4, 6 e 10 anos). Para realizar a comparação, foram determinados parâmetros como a capacidade e a eficiência de derriça, o índice de desfolha e o número de galhos quebrados. A capacidade da derriça mecânica foi maior que a da manual. A eficiência de derriça não foi influenciada pelo seu tipo, independentemente da idade das plantas. A derriça manual proporcionou maior índice de desfolha e maior número de galhos quebrados que a derriça mecânica.Item Compostos fenólicos, idade da folha e resistência do cafeeiro a Pseudomonas cichorii e Pseudomonas syringae, pv. garcae(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 1991-11) Oliveira, José Rogério de; Romeiro, Reginaldo da SilvaÉ fato, experimentalmente estabelecido, que folhas novas de cafeeiro são mais suscetíveis à mancha aureolada (P. syringae pv. garcae) e mais resistentes ao crestamento-bacteriano (P. cichorii), ocorrendo o oposto com folhas velhas. Na pressuposição de que compostos fenólicos poderiam estar envolvidos nessa resistência, procedeu-se à extração de fenóis totais de folhas novas e velhas de cafeeiro (variedade 'Catuaí'). Bioensaios de difusão em gel mostraram que extratos de folhas velhas inibiam P. syringae pv. garcae, mas não P. cichorii. Contudo, não aconteceu o inverso com extratos de folhas novas. Cromatografia de camada fina de sílica-gel, seguida de bioautografia, com o fungo-teste Thielaviopsis paradoxa, revelou serem extratos de folhas novas e velhas diferentes, no que tange à composição, em substâncias com propriedades antimicrobianas. Se compostos fenólicos podem explicar a suscetibilidade diferencial aos dois patógenos exibida por folhas velhas de cafeeiro, deve haver outros mecanismos de resistência/suscetibilidade que governem o fenômeno inverso em folhas novas.Item Use of Cladosporium sp. as a bioprotector of coffee quality in different post-harvest conditions(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2023-11-13) Paiva, Felipe Aparecido de; Melo, Bruno Manoel Rezende de; Ferreira, Sindynara; Oliveira, Emanuelle Morais de; Santos, Telma Miranda dos; Castro, Douglas GoulartThe pre-harvest application of the bioprotective agent Cladosporium cladosporioides is an alternative to inhibit these fermentative processes that might occur in coffee beans that were either their storing bag or exposed to simulated rain, because a controlled amount of water was applied to the coffee. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Cladosporium cladosporioides (Fresen) de Vries in the physical-chemical and sensory of the coffee beans. The study was conducted in an arabica coffee plantation, in the municipality of Inconfidentes, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. In this study used four different doses of the bioprotector and three different pos-harvest conditions. The sour defective coffee beans, electrical conductivity, total titratable acidity, soluble solids, color and it was determined the general quality of coffee of both the left-in-bag and rainfall-exposed variants were positively influenced by the bioprotector. The bioprotector promoted an increase in the quality of the physical and chemical composition and sensory quality of rainfall and left-in-bag coffees compared to coffee beans without bioprotector. The bioprotector also maintained quality in rainfall and left-in-bag coffee when compared with the yard-grown variant. The sensory quality of the yard-grown coffeed was not influenced by the bioprotector.Item Morphology of the coffee root system using polyethylene film(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2023-08-25) Nascimento, Letícia Gonçalves do; Assis, Gleice Aparecida de; Fernandes, Marco Iony dos Santos; Caixeta, Lucas Gomes; Carvalho, Fábio Janoni; Mazziero, Beatriz GallucciIn the initial phase of the coffee crop, the control of weeds and water availability for the establishment of the plants is a concern. The polyethylene cover can positively influence the chemical and biological characteristics of the soil and, consequently, the root system. The objective of this work was to evaluate the morphology of the root system of coffee plants using polyethylene mulching of different widths and colors. Coffee was planted in December 2016 using the cultivar Topázio MG-1190. A randomized repetitions design was used, with four blocks and five treatments, as follows: 1.20-m wide white/black mulching, 1.40-m white/black mulching, 1.20-m silver/black mulching, 1.40-m silver /black mulching, and no mulching. Total root dry matter per soil volume, total root length per soil volume, total root volume per soil volume, total root area per soil volume, specific root surface, specific root length, and mean root diameter were all evaluated. Roots with smaller diameters were concentrated in the 0-0.20 m depth layer, while in the 0.20-0.40 m depth layer, roots with larger diameters were found. Plants grown in 1.20-m silver/black mulching showed a greater surface area and a specific length of the roots.Item Multispectral images for discrimination of sources and doses of fertilizer in coffee plants(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2023-06-16) Rezende, Camila Isabel Pereira; Assis, Gleice Aparecida de; Martins, George Deroco; Carvalho, Fábio Janoni; Franco, Miguel Henrique Rosa; Araújo, Nathalia Oliveira deRemote monitoring of the management of coffee crops is necessary as the demand in decision-making, where the aim is to rise production based on sustainable management is in a constant growth. In this work, it was evaluated the potential of images obtained by low-cost sensors in the discrimination of sources and doses of mineral and organomineral fertilizers in coffee. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with five blocks and six treatments, as follows: (T1) - 100% of the organomineral treatment; (T2) - 70% of the organomineral treatment; (T3) - 50% of the organomineral treatment; (T4) - 100% of mineral fertilization; (T5) - standard treatment of the farm and (T6) - 70% of mineral fertilization. After management, we used the Mapir 3 Survey3W camera coupled to an ARP drone – Phantom4 to take images of the experiment over a 12-month vegetative period. Combined with image taking, it was collected agronomic parameters of coffee growth and productivity for two crops and concluded that different fertilization doses did not significantly affect the analyzed parameters. Based on the supervised classification of multispectral images, it was possible to discriminate treatments with a higher degree of accuracy (86.66% accuracy) than when analyzing coffee growth parameters.Item Agronomic performance and productivity of Arabica coffee intercropped with timber species(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2023-04-14) Freitas, Ana Flávia de; Fonseca, Arley José; Volpato, Margarete Marin Lordelo; Carvalho, Gladyston Rodrigues; Venturin, Regis Pereira; Silva, Vânia AparecidaThe insertion of the tree component in coffee production is a strategy from an economic and environmental perspective. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the temporal influence on the agronomic and productive performance of the coffee crop under the interference of different tree species as a function of spacing. The experiment was set in the municipality of Santo Antônio de Amparo-MG, in 2012, and conducted in a randomized block design with four replications. The treatments were: cultivar ‘Catuai Vermelho IAC 99’ in monoculture (3.40 m x 0.65 m) and intercropped with African mahogany, teak and pink cedar, in two spacings (9 x 13.6 m and 18 x 13.6 m), in coffee rows. Three coffee rows were fixed between rows, totaling 13.6 m. The following variables were evaluated: height (m), stem diameter (cm), crown diameter (m), productivity (bags ha-1) and yield (l/sc) for coffee. From the evaluations, there is a significant effect of height, productivity and yield for the coffee crop. The system intercropped with tree species did not influence coffee productivity and yield until the 3rd harvest and, for the 5th harvest, intercropping with mahogany favored productivity, although the accumulated productivity did not show any treatment effect.Item Influence of humus on chromium absorption by coffee seedlings grown on substrate containing tannery sludge(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2023-03-10) Berilli, Sávio da Silva; Oliveira, Dhiego da Silva; Martineli, Leonardo; Pereira, Lucas Louzada; Cunha, Maura da; Pireda, SauloChromium is present in the tannery sludges worldwide making it a problem for agriculture. This study aimed to evaluate whether humus functions as a chromium stabilizing agent when using tannery sludge in the substrate of conilon coffee seedlings (Coffea canephora) and to determine what effects there are on leaf development and anatomy. Treatments consisted of a fixed dose of tannery sludge (30% of volume) on substrates of conilon coffee seedlings with different proportions of humus and subsoil (T-10, T-20, T-30, T-40% of humus). Information for the evaluation of leaf anatomy and seedling development was collected at 180 days after the planting of cuttings. From the phenological point of view, the treatments that best promoted seedling quality were T-30 and T-40. However, the greater the amount of humus in the substrate the greater the absorption of chromium by plants, which directly affected the organization of epidermal cells and leaf mesophyll. In addition, intense cytoplasmic degradation, ultrastructural changes in chloroplasts and mitochondria, and an increase in autophagic vacuoles were observed. We conclude that increasing the amount of humus in substrate with tannery sludge provides higher quality coffee seedlings, despite promoting greater absorption of chromium by plants and the consequent major intracellular disturbances.Item Agronomic performance of Arabica coffee cultivars in the subtropical humid environment of Vale do Ribeira Paulista, Brazil(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2022-01-09) Carvalho, Alex Mendonça de; Teramoto, Érico Tadao; Botelho, Cesar Elias; Carvalho, Gladyston Rodrigues; Lima, Amador Eduardo de; Guerreiro Filho, OliveiroThis research is related to the evaluation of vegetative growth parameters, initial yield and incidence of pests and diseases of twelve Arabica coffee cultivars submitted to the subtropical humidity environment of Vale do Ribeira Paulista, Brazil. The experiment was performed in the Experimental Campus of the UNESP in Registro, in a randomized block design, with three replications. Stem diameter, number of plagiotropic branches, plant height, number of internodes of plagiotropic branches, length of the first plagiotropic branch, incidence of brown eye spot and phoma leaf spot on coffee leaves, infestation by leaf miner and the yield of cultivars were evaluated. The results obtained allowed to conclude that: i) cultivars Catuaí Amarelo IAC 62, Catuaí Vermelho IAC 99 and Mundo Novo IAC 379-1 were higher than the others, with yield above the national average in 2020 and percentage of flat beans below 10%; ii) all cultivars evaluated showed a similar level of increment of variables that indicate plant growth and reproductive development; iii) the cultivation environment is favorable to infestation by the leaf miner and unfavorable to the incidence of rust; iv) The prevailing climatic conditions in the Vale do Ribeira Paulista is suitable for the production of Arabica coffee.Item Effect of air blast sprayer application speed on the dye retention of coffee leaves(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2022-01-09) Alvarenga, Cleyton Batista de; Zampiroli, Renan; Rinaldi, Paula Cristina Natalino; Silva, Tulio Urban Lourenço MirandaImproving the effectiveness of pesticide application for controlling insects, mites, and pathogens in coffee cultivation has been a major challenge for coffee farmers, researchers, and consultants. The present study aimed to assess the deposition and distribution of a brilliant blue tracer in the coffee canopy using Jacto’s Arbus 2000 Super Export EL and Kuhn’s Twister 2000 air blast sprayers at different application speeds (5 and 7 km h-1). The experiment was conducted using a randomized block design, with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement (two sprayer models and two application speeds), with six replicates. After spraying, leaves were collected, and the deposition of the tracer was assessed using spectrophotometry. The canopy was divided into lower, middle, and upper heights, and subdivided into external and internal crown positions. The percentage difference in spray deposition between positions was termed relative spray deposition. Spray deposition in the internal crown differed only in the upper third section between sprayers. In the external crown, the application speed affected the deposition of tracer dye for both sprayers, whereas, in the internal crown, the application speed only affected the deposition of tracer dye in the upper crown section only when using the Arbus sprayer.