Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental
URI permanente para esta coleção${dspace.url}/handle/123456789/13714
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Item Landfill leachate treatment using activated carbon obtained from coffee waste(Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental – ABES, 2019-07-29) Chávez, Rodrigo Poblete; Pizarro, Ernesto Cortes Cortés; Galiano, Yolanda LunaA set of experiments were carried out in order to establish and evaluate the potential of activated carbon, produced from coffee waste in adsorption process, in the depuration of landfill leachate. Different reagents were studied in the activation of carbon: HCl, HCl + H2O2, H3PO4, H3PO4 + H2O2, all with an impregnation rate of 1:1. The activated carbon that showed the best global results was activated with H3PO4, obtaining a 51.0, 32.8, 66.0, 81.0 and 97.1% elimination of chemical oxygen demand, ammonia, total chlorine, bromine and copper, respectively. This activated carbon has a total pore area of 4.85 m2/g and a median pore diameter of 65.32 micrometers. When different loads of this carbon were placed in a stirrer system in contact with landfill leachate, with the aim of evaluating the effect of the adsorption load and contact time, the concentration of ammonia decreased from the beginning of the adsorption process to the end of it, and the removal of ammonia increased with the increase in the adsorbent load. However, the trend of the amount adsorbed per unit mass decreased with increased dosage. The model Freundlich equilibrium isotherm fits experimental data adequately, giving R2 values of 0.95, 1/n of 0.5183, and a K value of 7.08*10-5 L/g, being favourable for adsorption process.Item A ocorrência de cafeína em águas superficiais para abastecimento público(Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental - ABES, 2022-08-19) Carvalho, Ana Carla Coleone de; Silva, Bianca Ferreira da; Machado, Angela Aparecida; Santarossa, Maria Amália da Silva; Paganini, Wanderley da SilvaCom intenso consumo e lançamento contínuo em efluentes domésticos e industriais, a cafeína tem sido regularmente detectada em meios aquáticos por todo o mundo. Esse psicoativo é considerado um excelente indicador de contaminação na água, relacionada à atividade humana. No entanto, os impactos que pode ocasionar à saúde e ao ambiente ainda não são bem compreendidos. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a presença da cafeína em água bruta e tratada por uma estação de tratamento de água convencional, em diferentes períodos hidrológicos, e avaliar o risco potencial que ela representa ao ambiente aquático. A cafeína foi detectada em todas as amostras de água bruta. A maior concentração foi observada no período mais intenso de seca. Ela não foi detectada na água tratada. O composto é considerado como de alto risco ao ambiente aquático. Os resultados indicam a vulnerabilidade do manancial em questão.Item Environmental and economic evaluation of coffee residues(Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental - ABES, 2022-08-19) Freitas, Lílian Carla Ferreira; Renó, Maria Luiza GrilloBrazil is a country of agricultural culture, and for over a hundred years has been the largest coffee producer. Thus, the work proposes alternatives for the use of agricultural residues from coffee production, analyzing them from an environmental and economic point of view. A coffee crop was selected from the municipality of Santa Rosa da Serra (Minas Gerais, Brazil), and three scenarios were established. Scenario 1: husk is discarded outdoors; scenario 2: energy use of the husk for gasification and subsequent production of electricity; scenario 3: use of the husk as an organic fertilizer. An economic and environmental analysis was conducted from these three scenarios. The gasification technology with the coffee husk, although technically feasible, according to the economic analysis becomes unfeasible, since the value of this electric generation was higher than the other generation values. Scenarios 2 and 3 that applied sustainable practices resulted in negative values for the environmental impacts of water depletion and depletion of fossil fuels, proving the benefits of such practices. The gasification process needs technological development to make the enterprise economically viable. Sustainable practices in coffee cultivation bring environmental benefits in the short and long terms.