Potencial agronômico e sensorial de genótipos modernos de Coffea arabica em Araponga, Minas Gerais
Data
2025-10-14
Autores
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Editor
Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
O café é a segunda bebida mais consumida no mundo, destacando-se Coffea arabica, uma das espécies mais cultivadas globalmente. No Brasil, existem cerca de 127 cultivares de C. arabica registradas no Registro Nacional de Cultivares (RNC), o que reforça a necessidade de estudos de caracterização em diferentes regiões produtoras. Nesse contexto, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho de cultivares modernas e progênies avançadas de C. arabica com resistência à ferrugem do cafeeiro nas condições edafoclimáticas de Araponga-MG, considerando características agronômicos e sensoriais para estimativas de parâmetros genéticos. O experimento foi conduzido entre 2019 e 2024, envolvendo genótipos resistentes à ferrugem, além das testemunhas suscetíveis Catuaí Amarelo IAC 62 e Catuaí Vermelho IAC 144. Foram avaliadas características morfológicas, produtivas e sensoriais. As análises foram realizadas por meio de modelos mistos utilizando o procedimento REML/BLUP, que permitiu estimar componentes de variância e predizer valores genotípicos. Os resultados indicaram que todos os genótipos avaliados apresentaram potencial para produção de cafés especiais e variância genotípica significativa para a maioria das características analisadas. A identificação de genótipos superiores às cultivares tradicionais, tanto em produtividade quanto em resistência à ferrugem e qualidade sensorial, evidencia o elevado potencial genético disponível e ressalta a importância da avaliação contínua em diferentes ambientes, contribuindo para a recomendação de materiais adaptados às condições de Araponga-MG e para o fortalecimento da sustentabilidade e competitividade da cafeicultura nacional. Palavras-chave: cultivares de café; qualidade de bebida; Hemileia vastatrix; REML/BLUP.
Coffee is the second most consumed beverage in the world, with Coffea arabica standing out as one of the most widely cultivated species globally. In Brazil, approximately 127 cultivars of C. arabica are registered in the National Cultivar Registry (RNC), highlighting the need for characterization studies across different production regions. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of modern cultivars and advanced progenies of C. arabica with rust resistance under the edaphoclimatic conditions of Araponga, Minas Gerais, considering agronomic and sensory traits for the estimation of genetic parameters. The experiment was conducted from 2019 to 2024 and included rust-resistant genotypes, as well as the susceptible checks Catuaí Amarelo IAC 62 and Catuaí Vermelho IAC 144. Morphological, productive, and sensory characteristics were assessed. Analyses were performed using mixed models through the REML/BLUP procedure, which enabled the estimation of variance components and the prediction of genotypic values. The results indicated that all evaluated genotypes showed potential for the production of specialty coffees and exhibited significant genotypic variance for most analyzed traits. The identification of genotypes superior to traditional cultivars in terms of productivity, rust resistance, and sensory quality demonstrates the high genetic potential available and reinforces the importance of continuous evaluation in different environments, contributing to the recommendation of materials adapted to the conditions of Araponga-MG and to strengthening the sustainability and competitiveness of Brazilian coffee production. Keywords: coffee cultivars; beverage quality; Hemileia vastatrix; REML/BLUP
Coffee is the second most consumed beverage in the world, with Coffea arabica standing out as one of the most widely cultivated species globally. In Brazil, approximately 127 cultivars of C. arabica are registered in the National Cultivar Registry (RNC), highlighting the need for characterization studies across different production regions. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of modern cultivars and advanced progenies of C. arabica with rust resistance under the edaphoclimatic conditions of Araponga, Minas Gerais, considering agronomic and sensory traits for the estimation of genetic parameters. The experiment was conducted from 2019 to 2024 and included rust-resistant genotypes, as well as the susceptible checks Catuaí Amarelo IAC 62 and Catuaí Vermelho IAC 144. Morphological, productive, and sensory characteristics were assessed. Analyses were performed using mixed models through the REML/BLUP procedure, which enabled the estimation of variance components and the prediction of genotypic values. The results indicated that all evaluated genotypes showed potential for the production of specialty coffees and exhibited significant genotypic variance for most analyzed traits. The identification of genotypes superior to traditional cultivars in terms of productivity, rust resistance, and sensory quality demonstrates the high genetic potential available and reinforces the importance of continuous evaluation in different environments, contributing to the recommendation of materials adapted to the conditions of Araponga-MG and to strengthening the sustainability and competitiveness of Brazilian coffee production. Keywords: coffee cultivars; beverage quality; Hemileia vastatrix; REML/BLUP
Descrição
Dissertação de mestrado defendida na Universidade Federal de Viçosa.
Palavras-chave
Café - Melhoramento genético, Café - Resistência a doença e pragas, Hemileia vastatrix, Ferrugem-do-cafeeiro, Bebidas - Qualidade, BLUP
Citação
ROCHA, G. H. Potencial agronômico e sensorial de genótipos modernos de Coffea arabica em Araponga, Minas Gerais. 2025. 83 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Genética e Melhoramento) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa-MG. 2025.