Biblioteca do Café
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Item Coffea arabica L: History, phenology and climatic aptitude of the state of São Paulo, Brazil(Instituto Biológico, 2021-12-17) Torres, Guilherme Almussa Leite; Campos, Cleide Nascimento; Salomon, Marcus Vinicius; Pantano, Angélica Prela; Almeida, Julieta Andrea Silva deThe genus Coffea belongs to the Rubiaceae family and includes two species with optimum economic performances, Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora. The state of São Paulo is one of the states that produce the species C. arabica in Brazil. Arabica coffee has been of great importance to São Paulo, providing relevant contributions to the historical, political, architectural, gastronomic, touristic, artistic, agricultural, industrial and social sectors since its introduction into the state in the nineteenth century. The agricultural sector includes crops produced by both small farmers and by highly technological agricultural groups. Coffea arabica plants present six phenological phases, all sensitive to changes in temperature and rainfall. In the reproductive phases, the species requires short days, low temperatures and no rainfall, followed by the rainy season. However, the phenological phases of the coffee plants can be harmed or even inhibited by dry or rainy seasons that are too long or too short. In the state of São Paulo, the municipalities of Garça and Franca show optimal coffee productivity, whereas those of Adamantina and Registro are low, and the agricultural aptitudes of these four municipalities show strong relationships with their geographical distributions in the state. Garça and Franca are situated in areas where the predominant dry and rainy seasons favor the occurrence of the phenological phases of arabica coffee plants, whereas Adamantina and Registro are located in areas with long dry and rainy seasons, respectively, characteristics that harm the development of the reproductive phenological phases of this culture.Item European strategic trade policy and Brazilian export growth during the nineteenth century(Departamento de Economia da Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade da Universidade de São Paulo (FEA-USP), 2022-04-04) Absell, Christopher DavidUntil the Amazonian rubber boom, cane sugar and coffee were the two most important export commodities for Brazil during the nineteenth century. Despite inherent differences in methods of cultivation, both sugar and coffee at once benefitted and suffered from the characteristics of Brazil’s factor endowment in land, labour and capital. Yet these two export commodities demonstrated divergent growth patterns across the nineteenth century. The difference was not one of relative productivity and thus price competitiveness disadvantage, but of the imperfectly competitive nature of the international market for each commodity. European governments actively practised strategic trade policy to transfer profits from foreign to domestic or colonial firms. These market distortions were exogenous, imposed by consumer markets, and took the form of European colonial tariff preferences and subsidies to domestic production. Coffee suffered less from imperfect competition, thus remaining more profitable to Brazilian agricultural producers in the long run.Item Leaf extract of Coffea arabica L. reduces lipid peroxidation and has anti-platelet effect in a rat dyslipidemia model(Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas da Universidade de São Paulo, 2022-09-02) Simões, Mario Henrique Souza; Salles, Bruno Cesar Correa; Duarte, Stella Maris da Silveira; Silva, Marcelo Aparecido da; Viana, André Luiz Machado; Moraes, Gabriel de Oliveira Isaac de; Figueiredo, Sonia Aparecida; Ferreira, Eric Batista; Rodrigues, Maria Rita; Paula, Fernanda Borges de AraújoThis study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant potential of the Coffea arabica Lineu (L.) leaf extract and its effects on platelet aggregation of dyslipidemic rats. The extract was obtained by the percolation of C. arabica L. leaves in hydroethanolic solution 70% (v/v). The mass spectrometry FIA-ESI-MS² suggested the presence of chlorogenic acid, rutin acid, and quinic acid. The DPPH• radicals scavenging capacity was demonstrated (IC50 = 0.06 mg/mL). The extract was administered to rats by gavage (300 mg/kg/day) for 56 days. Dyslipidemia was induced by administering Triton WR-1339 (300 mg/kg body weight) on the 54th day. On day 56, blood was collected by puncturing the abdominal aorta artery and the aortic artery was removed. Lipid profile, markers of renal and hepatic injury, lipid peroxidation, and platelet aggregation tests were carried out. The ingestion of extract reduced the lipid peroxidation (aorta and plasma) and platelet aggregation in dyslipidemic rats. The extract did not affect markers of renal and hepatic function as analyzed in this study, suggesting neither impaired liver nor kidney function in these animals. Therefore, our results demonstrate that the extract of leaves of C. arabica L. show antioxidant potential in vitro and in vivo as well as anti-platelet aggregation in dyslipidemic animals.Item Experimental model for optimizing mechanized mountain coffee harvesting(Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola - UFCG, 2024-08-30) Souza, Felipe G.; Teixeira, Mauri M.; Villibor, Geice P.; Furtado Júnior, Marconi R.; Cecon, Paulo R.Coffee holds significant economic and social importance for Brazil, being one of the main commodities in global agribusiness. Coffee growers, particularly those cultivating arabica coffee, face challenges due to labor shortages and high associated costs during manual harvesting. This study aimed to evaluate the operational performance and efficiency of a self-propelled coffee harvester prototype in terraced mountain areas. To assess harvesting losses, efficiency, and operational capacity, the experimental model traversed the designated area entirely. Fruit stripping was performed over the collection system at five different terrain incline angles (8°, 17°, 25°, 30°, and 38°). Harvesting loss was determined by the ratio of the mass of fruits retained by the collection system to the total mass of harvested fruits. For comparison, the efficiency and operational capacity of two workers performing manual fruit harvesting were also measured. Terrain slope did not significantly impact harvesting losses or operational capacity. The highest operational capacity was 0.11 ha h⁻¹, achieved at a 17° slope. The average operational efficiency was 66.2%.Item Analysis of the chemical composition and glyphosate residue in Conilon coffee beans(Universidade Federal do Ceará, 2024-05-17) Peixoto, Priscilla Moreira Curtis; Osório, Vanessa Moreira; Colodetti, Tafarel Victor; Parreira, Luciana Alves; Dalvi, Leandro Pin; Tomaz, Marcelo AntonioDu e to the concern with the contamination of food by pesticides, especially coffee, the aim of this study was to analyze the chemical composition and glyphosate residue in Conilon coffee beans with and without defects and harvested at different times after applying the herbicide. The experiment was in a split-plot design, with the presence or absence of defects in the beans comprising the subplots, and the periods of 15, 30, 45 and 60 days after applying the herbicide corresponding to the split plots. We analyzed the volatile compounds, bioactive compounds, and glyphosate residue in the beans. Regardless of the presence or absence of defects, there was an increase in the concentrations of bioactive compounds in the raw Conilon coffee beans as the interval between applying the herbicide and harvesting the beans was increased. The most abundant volatile compounds per percentage area belonged to the pyrazines, furans and phenols. The amount of glyphosate residue found in the beans exceeded the maximum detectable limit by the ELISA method regardless of the time between application and harvest, corresponding to values that are unacceptable to several purchasing countries, and making the samples unsuitable for export and a risk to food safety.Item Analysis of bioactive compounds, organic acids, and genetic parameters of ten amazonian robusta cultivars(Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, 2024-04-29) Tadeu, Hugo C.; Ximenes, Valdecir F.; Lopes, Maria T. G.; Espindula, Marcelo C.; Alves, Ana P. de C.; Borém, Flávio M.Coffea canephora beans are used for various industrial purposes, among which the use as soluble coffees stands out for producing beverages in blends with Coffea arabica. Due to the increase in demand, EMBRAPA launched ten monoclonal C. canephora cultivars, named Amazonian Robustas, adapted to the growing conditions of the Brazilian Amazon. However, the chemical composition of the beans of these cultivars is still little known. The present study aimed to estimate genetic parameters for the evaluated characteristics and determine the levels of bioactive compounds and organic acids in ten C. canephora cultivars. The experiment was set in Manaus, Amazonas, consisting of plants from the cultivars BRS 1216, BRS 2299, BRS 2314, BRS 2336, BRS 2357, BRS 3137, BRS 3193, BRS3210, BRS 3213, and BRS 3220. The cultivars were characterized according to the profile of bioactive compounds and organic acids. Analysis of variance, mean test, and genetic caracterizadas quanto ao perfil de bioativos e ácidos orgânicos. Foi parameters (genetic, environmental, and phenotypic variance and realizada análise de variância, teste de médias e estimados heritability) were conducted. The heritability of characters was parâmetros genéticos como variância genética, ambiental, fenotípica considered from intermediate 63.76% (trigonelline) to high 88.44% e herdabilidade. A herdabilidade dos caracteres foi considerada de (caffeine). Of the compounds studied, trigonelline contents ranged mediana, 63,76%, para trigonelina, a alta, 88,44%, para cafeína. Dos from 0.54 to 0.78 g.100g-1, chlorogenic acids from 3.77 to 5.31 compostos estudados, os teores de trigonelina variaram de 0,54 a g.100g-1, caffeine from 2.31 to 4.13 g.100g-1, and citric acid from 0.76 to 1.28 g.100g-1. It was observed that there is genetic variability among the cultivars for the compounds studied, and the cultivars can be used in breeding programs for the development of new cultivars.Item Plant stem cell extract from Coffea canephora shows antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and skin regenerative properties mediated by suppression of nuclear factor-κB(Associação Brasileira de Divulgação Científica, 2023-06-30) Guidoni, M.; Sousa Júnior, A.D. de; Aragão, V.P.M.; Toledo e Silva, M.V.; Barth, T.; Clarindo, W.R.; Endringer, D.C.; Scherer, R.; Fronza, M.Plant cell cultures have become a promising production platform of bioactive compounds for biomedical and cosmetic uses in the last decades. However, the success so far has been limited. The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of this unique biotechnology process to obtain a bioactive stem cell extract of Coffea canephora (SCECC) with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and regenerative properties. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined in the SCECC by spectrophotometry. The chemical composition of the extracts was characterized by mass spectrometry. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the colorimetric methods of free radical scavenging 2,2'-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP). The anti-inflammatory activity was determined in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages through the production of superoxide anion (O2•-), nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and the activity of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Moreover, the ability of SCECC to stimulate the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts was assessed. Five compounds were tentatively identified, two flavonoids, two phenolic acids, and one sugar. High phenolic content and antioxidant activity were observed in the SCECC. SCECC promoted the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts and suppressed the pro-inflammatory mediators O2•-, NO, TNF-α, and IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, SCECC inhibited the NF-κB transcription factor. Therefore, we obtained evidence that the extract from C. canephora stem cells can be used as a natural agent against skin damage. Hence, it could be of interest in cosmetics for preventing skin aging.Item Development of a mobile application for the sustainable management of coffee(Escola de Agronomia - UFG, 2025-08-04) Hernández Rodríguez, José Luis; Dávila, José Francisco Ramírez; Cuevas, Rodolfo Serrato; López, Delfina de Jesús Pérez; Jiménez, Federico Benjamín GalachoThe coffee quality has been threatened by phytosanitary and nutritional problems, which have significantly reduced its production and yield. This study aimed to develop a mobile application that allows to create and manage plots using platforms such as Flutter for the front-end and Flask for the back-end, combined with geostatistical techniques to generate semivariograms, kriging and density maps, in order to estimate the spatial distribution and behaviour of a pest, as well as the spatial distribution of the primary macronutrients NPK, so that corrective actions can be taken at the right time, covering specific areas, and reducing environmental impacts, investment costs in fertilizers and pesticides, and helping to increase the coffee yield and quality.Item A design of experiment strategy for quality control of specialty coffee drink based on sensory analysis and statistical tools(Instituto de Tecnologia de Alimentos – ITAL, 2024-12-06) Pinto, Licarion; Lopes Júnior, Hilton; Alves, Enrique Anastácio; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara; Gois, Jefferson Santos deSensory analysis is crucial for assessing food and beverage quality, but discrepancies may arise in some cases and make the quality evaluation imprecise even with statistical analysis. This issue can be mitigated by sensory analysis based on the coffee drink nuanced characteristics. Therefore, in this study, six Q-Graders, following the Specialty Coffee Association of America's sensory analysis method, evaluated various samples and the data was evaluated statistically. The experiment employed a multilevel categorical design, encompassing six evaluator levels, 44 sample levels, and two types of quality assessment. Grades were assigned to the 44 samples using traditional evaluation (no comments) and guided evaluation (prior sample information). It was possible to identify evaluators whose assessments were unbiased across both guided and traditional evaluations. This work introduced a novel strategy to identify biased evaluators, assess the impact of evaluation types, and perform a more accurate assessment of Coffea canephora Pierre ex-Froehner (coffee) quality and assurance assisted with statistical analysis.Item Physiological quality of seeds of arabic coffee cultivars stored for a period of two years(Instituto Internacional de Ecologia, 2024-11-08) Alixandre, R. D.; Lima, P. A. M.; Alixandre, F. T.; Krohling, C. A.; Fornazier, M. J.; Guarçoni, R. C.; Almeida, T. F. R.; Dias, R. S.; Anastácio, A. S.; Alexandre, R. S.; Ferreira, A.; Lopes, J. C.The rapid loss of viability, coupled with the difficulties and limitations in conserving coffee seeds, are some of the challenges that nurseries are currently facing. Thus, the objective of this work was to analyze the physiological quality of stored Arabica coffee seeds from cultivars recommended for planting in Brazilian mountainous regions. Seeds from 10 Arabica coffee cultivars were used: Catucaí-785/15, Catucaí-2SL, Catucaí-24/137, Japan, Arara, Acauã, Catuaí IAC-81, Mundo Novo IAC-379/19, Catuaí IAC-62, and Caturra IAC-479. The seeds were collected in the Arabica coffee seed production field, in the municipality of Marechal Floriano-ES. They were subsequently processed and dried in the shade, at room temperature, until reaching a humidity of 35 ± 1%, analyzed and stored in a natural laboratory environment (25 ± 2 °C), for 24 months. The following were analyzed: seed water content, germination, germination speed index, electrical conductivity and potassium leaching. The experimental design used was completely randomized, with ten cultivars, two storage times, with four replications of 25 seeds. Storing arabica coffee seeds for 24 months results in a drop in the germination percentage. Stored seeds of the Catucai 24/137 and Arara cultivars showed germination percentages similar to those of newly harvested seeds. Seeds of the Catuai IAC-62 cultivar maintain vigor during storage. The stored seeds of the Caturra IAC-476 and Japi cultivars showed a reduction in physiological quality. Electrical conductivity and potassium leaching tests are efficient in identifying seeds in an advanced state of deterioration. Seeds of Arabica coffee cultivars stored for 24 months, under the conditions of the present study, produce abnormal seedlings.