Biblioteca do Café
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Item Influence of Fermentation Time and Inoculation of Starter Culture on the Chemical Composition of Fermented Natural Coffee Followed by Depulping(Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 2024-09-09) BORÉM, FLÁVIO M.; SALVIO, LUÍS GUSTAVO A.; CORREA, JEFFERSON LUIZ G.; ALVES, ANA PAULA C.; SANTOS, CLÁUDIA M. DOS; HAEBERLIN, LUANA; CIRILLO, MARCELO A.; SCHWAN, ROSANE F.Fermentation using starter cultures has been considered an alternative and economically viable technology for the production of specialty coffees. This type of technology promotes several benefits, such as increased sensory quality, control over the fermentation process, predictability of the final product and added value. Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) samples for this study were collected in Presidente Olegário - MG (2018/19 crop year) in the Cerrado region of Minas Gerais. The effects of natural fermentation and inoculation of the yeast Torulaspora delbrueckii and duration of fermentation (0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours) on the sensory and chemical quality (analysis of bioactive, volatile, and organic compounds and fatty acids) of coffee were evaluated. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of fermentation time and starter culture inoculation on the chemical composition of fermented coffees. Fermentation time significantly influenced the sensory description of the coffee beverage, with notes of honey, brown sugar and almond predominating up to 48 hours, for coffees fermented for 72 and 96 hours the notes described were and fruity, winey notes. The chemical composition was primarily influenced by fermentation time.Item Temporal analysis of Phoma leaf spot of coffee plants at different altitudes(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2025-04-25) Silva, Humberson Rocha; Pozza, Edson Ampélio; Freitas, Aurivan Soares de; Freitas, Marcelo Loran de Oliveira; Barbosa Junior, Mauro Peraro; Cirillo, Marcelo AngeloPhoma leaf spot (Phoma spp.) of coffee causes losses of between 15 and 43%, and presents significant variability over time and space, especially in mountain coffee production. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the behavior of this disease at different altitudes and to use time series techniques and regression models to explain disease behavior. The experiment was conducted over two years (from September 2013 to August 2015) with monthly evaluations in a Coffea arabica L. plantation. The incidence and severity progress curves showed irregular behavior most of the time, typical of the disease. Higher altitudes provided higher disease incidence and severity values. Only the incidence and severity progress curves at the altitude of 1143.2 m showed significant autocorrelation over time. Thus, the first-order autocorrelation structure, AR(1), was incorporated in the estimates of the parameters of the linear and nonlinear models. Only the months from February to June/July 2014 were considered, when the disease progressed regularly. The rates obtained for the incidence, overall mean of the 85 points and mean altitude of 1143.2 m, were 5.2 and 4.6%, respectively, while the estimated rates for the severity data under the same conditions were 0.3 and 0.1%, respectively. These values represent the expected increase in incidence and severity each month. The Phoma leaf spot presents complex temporal dynamics, influenced by microclimatic variables associated with altitude.Item Coffee productive branch growth, development and nutrient accumulation from flowering to harvest under Colombian conditions(Editora UFLA, 2025-05-07) Sadeghian-Khalajabadi, Siavosh; Díaz-Poveda , Vanessa Catalina; Rendón Sáenz, José RaúlIn many Colombian regions, coffee vegetative and reproductive growth (Coffea arabica L.) occurs synchronously; hence, fertilization plans must address both needs simultaneously. The objective of the present study was to evaluate coffee productive branch growth and nutrient accumulation from flowering to harvest. During an event of high concentration of flowering, which occurred in a coffee crop, Castillo Rosario® variety, 35 plants were randomly selected, and two opposite plagiotropic branches of the same cross in the production zone were marked on each plant. One of the branches was detached at full anthesis and the other at harvest. Growth variables and nutrient concentration were measured at each time. Between flowering and harvest, branch length increased by 22 cm, number of nodes by 6.2, total biomass by 33 g, and defoliation from 14.5% to 32.5%. During this period, the concentration of all nutrients in the branch decreased, and the concentrations of N, P, Mg, and B in the leaves were lower. Total nutrient content increased differentially: N 73%, P 76%, K 142%, Ca 40%, Mg 51%, Fe 112%, Mn 87%, Zn 41%, Cu 156%, and B 36%. At anthesis, the highest proportion of nutrients was found in the leaves (57.35%-86.19%), followed by the branch (11.37%-37.41%) and flowers (1.58%-7.38%); at harvest, fruits contained the highest proportion of N, P and K, and leaves the highest contents of Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn and B. These results reveal the importance of branches and leaves in supporting nutrient demand by fruits and vegetative growth.Item Physicochemical and sensory analysis of coffee: A determination in different parts of the plant(Editora UFLA, 2024-07-29) Sousa, Rachel Machado de; Paiva, Leandro CarlosThe quality of the Arabica coffee drink (Coffea arábica L) is the result of the interaction of several factors, such as climatic conditions, terroir, altitude, nutritional factor, management aspects, stage of fruit maturation, harvest, among others. The objective was to evaluate the physical-chemical quality of coffee fruits, through the soluble solids content of coffee beans, in different parts of the plant, in order to define which position/location on the plant presents the best results in relation to sensory attributes of the drink. The analysis of soluble solids (SS) in ºBrix of cherry and raw coffee, mass grains (MMG) and sensory evaluation, the Catuaí IAC 144 variety presented better results in relation to the Paraíso MG 419- 1 variety. Regarding electrical conductivity (EC), total titratable acidity (TTA) of raw coffee, pH, color the results of the two varieties were representative for quality, the values found in the analyzes are within the defined ranges. The experimental design used was randomized blocks and each variety was harvested in three blocks. Each block consisted of a plant, each plant was divided into twelve subdivisions. The treatments were arranged in a 12x2x3 factorial scheme and subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the means compared using the Scott Knott post hoc test with a significance level (p-value ≤ 0.05). The correlation matrix was used between the variables under study, in order to verify whether there is a linear relationship or not between the variable’s soluble solids ºBrix of cherry and raw coffee, aroma and body of the drink with the final average score of the tasters. Interpreting the generated equation, there is an association between body and final score, when increasing one unit in the body, an increase of 2.21 in the final score is expected. The positions on the coffee plant, upper third and lower third, in relation to the varieties Catuaí IAC 144 and Paraíso MG 419-1, were the most promising from the perspective of the results found in the physical-chemical and sensorial analysis.Item Effect of temperature and photoperiod on Pseudomonas syringae pv. garcae inoculum production(Editora UFLA, 2024-11-12) Oliveira, Júlia Marques; Pozza, Edson Ampélio; Belan, Leônidas Leoni; Freitas, Marcelo Loran de Oliveira; Tedardi, Vitória MorenoBacterial halo blight (BHB), whose etiological agent is the bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. garcae, is one of the main diseases occurring in coffee (Coffea arabica L.) leading to losses in nurseries and fields. This study aimed to assess the effect of five temperatures (20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 °C) and three photoperiods (continuous light, 12-hour light/dark, continuous dark) on the P. syringae pv. garcae inoculum concentration and the BHB progression re sulted from this inoculum, in coffee seedlings. Using a factorial design (5 x 3) with four replicates, Petri dishes inoculated with P. syringae pv. garcae were incubated for 48 hours, and the concentrations and bacterial cell dimensions were measured. The resulting inoculum was then used to inoculate coffee seedlings at 23 ± 2 °C in one leaf pair by wounding inoculation using a multi-needle apparatus. The disease severity was assessed, and the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) was calculated. Significant interaction (p < 0.05) between temperature and photoperiod was observed for inoculum concentration and cell dimensions. The highest inoculum concentration (2.2 x 10⁹ CFU/ml) was recorded at 25 °C under continuous light. The largest bacterial cells (4.4 µm in length and 0.7 µm in width) resulted from temperatures of 30 °C with 12-hour light/dark. For the AUDPC of BHB, a difference (p < 0.05) was observed only between inoculum production temperatures. The highest AUDPC was recorded at 25 °C, with a gradual decline observed as the temperature increased.Item Physicochemical and sensory analysis of coffee: A determination in different parts of the plant(Universidade Federal de Lavras, 2024-07-29) Sousa, Rachel Machado de; Paiva, Leandro CarlosThe quality of the Arabica coffee drink (Coffea arábica L) is the result of the interaction of several factors, such as climatic conditions, terroir, altitude, nutritional factor, management aspects, stage of fruit maturation, harvest, among others. The objective was to evaluate the physical-chemical quality of coffee fruits, through the soluble solids content of coffee beans, in different parts of the plant, in order to define which position/location on the plant presents the best results in relation to sensory attributes of the drink. The analysis of soluble solids (SS) in ºBrix of cherry and raw coffee, mass grains (MMG) and sensory evaluation, the Catuaí IAC 144 variety presented better results in relation to the Paraíso MG 419- 1 variety. Regarding electrical conductivity (EC), total titratable acidity (TTA) of raw coffee, pH, color the results of the two varieties were representative for quality, the values found in the analyzes are within the defined ranges. The experimental design used was randomized blocks and each variety was harvested in three blocks. Each block consisted of a plant, each plant was divided into twelve subdivisions. The treatments were arranged in a 12x2x3 factorial scheme and subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the means compared using the Scott Knott post hoc test with a significance level (p-value ≤ 0.05). The correlation matrix was used between the variables under study, in order to verify whether there is a linear relationship or not between the variable’s soluble solids ºBrix of cherry and raw coffee, aroma and body of the drink with the final average score of the tasters. Interpreting the generated equation, there is an association between body and final score, when increasing one unit in the body, an increase of 2.21 in the final score is expected. The positions on the coffee plant, upper third and lower third, in relation to the varieties Catuaí IAC 144 and Paraíso MG 419-1, were the most promising from the perspective of the results found in the physical-chemical and sensorial analysis.Item Efficiency of absorption, translocation, and use of nitrogen by water-stressed coffee(Editora da Universidade Estadual de Maringá - EDUEM, 2024) Martinez, Herminia Emilia Prieto; Bohorquez, Cesar Augusto Avellaneda; Cecon, Paulo RobertoClimate change and the expansion of agricultural lands to low-fertility soils have prompted studies on the effects of water and nutritional stress on nutrient uptake and use. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of absorption, translocation, and use of N in coffee cultivars under water stress (WS) and different N doses. The experiment was performed hydroponically and arranged in a 4 × 2 × 4 factorial randomized block design with three replications. These factors consisted of four coffee varieties, two N doses, and four levels of WS. At the end of the experiment, the dry matter production, N concentration, and N accumulation of plants, as well as nutritional efficiency indices were evaluated. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and regression. The results showed that in plants previously well-supplied with N, N stress induces greater allocation of dry matter in roots, mitigating the effects of subsequent water deficits on shoot dry matter production. Young Mundo Novo plants subjected to N stress followed by increasing water stress maintained a high utilization efficiency (UE). Young Acauã plants well-supplied with N, maintained their N utilization efficiency up to -1.6 MPa of water stress; however, when they were N starved, they underwent a drastic reduction in UE at potentials below -0.22 MPa.Item Influência da alta concentração atmosférica de CO2 (↑[CO2 ]atm) × disponibilidade hídrica nas relações hídricas, trocas gasosas e acúmulo de carboidratos em Coffea arabica L.(Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais, 2017) Sanches, Rodrigo Fazani Esteves; Catarino, Ingrid Cristina Araujo; Braga, Marcia Regina; Silva, Emerson Alves da(Influência da alta concentração atmosférica de CO2 (↑[CO2]atm) × disponibilidade hídrica nas relações hídricas, trocas gasosas e acúmulo de carboidratos em Coffea arabica L.). O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência da ↑[CO2]atm nas relações hídricas, trocas gasosas e acúmulo de carboidratos em Coffea arabica. Cafeeiros foram cultivados sob diferentes [CO2]atm (400 e 760 ppm) e submetidos a dois regimes hídricos: rega diária e ciclos de suspensão de regas por 7, 10, 14 e 37 dias, seguidos de reidratação diária por 7 dias. Alterações significativas no potencial hídrico foram observadas nas plantas sob restrição hídrica a partir do 10º dia com recuperação total após a reidratação. As A foram maiores nos cafeeiros cultivados sob ↑[CO2]atm, mesmo sob restrição hídrica se comparadas aos demais tratamentos. Cafeeiros cultivados em ↑[CO2]atm e restrição hídrica não apresentaram diminuição nos teores de carboidratos em comparação aos cultivados sob ↑[CO2]atm e rega diária. Entretanto, em plantas sob 400 ppm CO2 e restrição hídrica, reduções significativas nos teores de açúcares, principalmente em folhas, foram observadas. Os teores de amido não alteraram em resposta aos tratamentos de CO2 e água. Aumento no nível de prolina foi observado no início da restrição hídrica retornando a níveis basais ao longo do experimento. Nossos resultados apontam para um efeito mitigador do ↑CO2 sobre o déficit hídrico por meio da manutenção no acúmulo de carboidratos das plantas de café.Item Armazenamento de grãos de café cereja descascado em ambiente refrigerado(Revista Engenharia na Agricultura, 2009-08-19) Rigueira, Roberta Jimenez de Almeida; Lacerda Filho, Adílio Flauzino de; Volk, Marcus Bochi da Silva; Cecon, Paulo RobertoA redução da temperatura da massa de grãos, abaixo de 15 ºC tem sido eficiente para reduzir a atividade de água dos grãos e, consequentemente, a atividade de insetos e de fungos. Objetivou-se, com esse trabalho, resfriar a massa dos grãos de café (Coffea arabica L.) cereja descascado, por meio de ar à temperatura ambiente e ar refrigerado. Foram usados grãos de café cereja em pergaminho, com teor de água de 12 ± 0,061% b.u.. Utilizou-se um experimento em parcelas subdivididas, tendo nas parcelas um esquema fatorial 3 x 7 e, nas subparcelas, sete avaliações, com três repetições. Adotaram-se três condições de armazenamento (à 15 e 25 °C e em armazém convencional à temperatura ambiente) e sete intervalos de tempo de armazenagem (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 e 180 dias). Avaliaram-se possíveis alterações dos grãos em função das diferentes condições de armazenamento durante um intervalo de tempo, para as variáveis cor, tipo e bebida do café, contaminação por microrganismos, teor de água, peso de mil grãos, cinzas, nitrogênio total, teor de proteína (proteína bruta), potássio total, potássio lixiviado, fenol e condutividade elétrica. Concluiu-se que o método de resfriamento foi eficaz na preservação e conservação das características qualitativas iniciais de grãos de café cereja descascado, mantendo a qualidade da bebida, diminuindo a incidência e o desenvolvimento de microrganismos.Item Distribuição e incerteza da erodibilidade em um latossolo vermelho-amarelo húmico sob cultivo de café arábica(Revista Engenharia na Agricultura, 2009-08-19) Silva, Samuel de Assis; Lima, Julião Soares de Souza; Teixeira, Mauri MartinsO objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o comportamento espacial da erodibilidade de um Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo húmico por meio de mapas de distribuição e incerteza utilizando métodos de krigagem. O experimento foi realizado em uma área cultivada com Coffea arabica L. variedade catuaí. O solo foi coletado na camada de 0-0,20 m distribuídos em uma malha amostral, totalizando 50 pontos. Avaliou-se a erodibilidade por meio de modelos indiretos, com base nas frações granulométricas do solo e no teor de matéria orgânica. Os dados foram, inicialmente, submetidos a uma análise descritiva e exploratória. A análise geoestatística foi utilizada sobre o conjunto real de dados e também sobre os dados de erodibilidade após codificação por indicação. Os resultados foram interpolados por krigagem ordinária e krigagem indicativa para a confecção de mapas de distribuição e incertezas. O valor médio de erodibilidade encontra-se acima do tolerado para Latossolos, sendo que na maior proporção da área a probabilidade de encontrar valores de erodibilidade acima do tolerado para Latossolos e maior que 50%, principalmente nas porções mais altas do terreno.