Biblioteca do Café
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Item Morphology of the coffee root system using polyethylene film(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2023-08-25) Nascimento, Letícia Gonçalves do; Assis, Gleice Aparecida de; Fernandes, Marco Iony dos Santos; Caixeta, Lucas Gomes; Carvalho, Fábio Janoni; Mazziero, Beatriz GallucciIn the initial phase of the coffee crop, the control of weeds and water availability for the establishment of the plants is a concern. The polyethylene cover can positively influence the chemical and biological characteristics of the soil and, consequently, the root system. The objective of this work was to evaluate the morphology of the root system of coffee plants using polyethylene mulching of different widths and colors. Coffee was planted in December 2016 using the cultivar Topázio MG-1190. A randomized repetitions design was used, with four blocks and five treatments, as follows: 1.20-m wide white/black mulching, 1.40-m white/black mulching, 1.20-m silver/black mulching, 1.40-m silver /black mulching, and no mulching. Total root dry matter per soil volume, total root length per soil volume, total root volume per soil volume, total root area per soil volume, specific root surface, specific root length, and mean root diameter were all evaluated. Roots with smaller diameters were concentrated in the 0-0.20 m depth layer, while in the 0.20-0.40 m depth layer, roots with larger diameters were found. Plants grown in 1.20-m silver/black mulching showed a greater surface area and a specific length of the roots.Item Plant stem cell extract from Coffea canephora shows antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and skin regenerative properties mediated by suppression of nuclear factor-κB(Associação Brasileira de Divulgação Científica, 2023-06-30) Guidoni, M.; Sousa Júnior, A.D. de; Aragão, V.P.M.; Toledo e Silva, M.V.; Barth, T.; Clarindo, W.R.; Endringer, D.C.; Scherer, R.; Fronza, M.Plant cell cultures have become a promising production platform of bioactive compounds for biomedical and cosmetic uses in the last decades. However, the success so far has been limited. The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of this unique biotechnology process to obtain a bioactive stem cell extract of Coffea canephora (SCECC) with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and regenerative properties. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined in the SCECC by spectrophotometry. The chemical composition of the extracts was characterized by mass spectrometry. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the colorimetric methods of free radical scavenging 2,2'-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP). The anti-inflammatory activity was determined in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages through the production of superoxide anion (O2•-), nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and the activity of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Moreover, the ability of SCECC to stimulate the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts was assessed. Five compounds were tentatively identified, two flavonoids, two phenolic acids, and one sugar. High phenolic content and antioxidant activity were observed in the SCECC. SCECC promoted the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts and suppressed the pro-inflammatory mediators O2•-, NO, TNF-α, and IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, SCECC inhibited the NF-κB transcription factor. Therefore, we obtained evidence that the extract from C. canephora stem cells can be used as a natural agent against skin damage. Hence, it could be of interest in cosmetics for preventing skin aging.Item Oxidative stability of biodiesel in the presence of leaves and fruit extracts(Universidade Federal do Ceará, 2025-05-09) Branco, Isadora Guilherme; Romagnoli, Erica Signori; Gonçales Filho, José; Mantovani, Ana Carolina Gomes; Borsato, DionisioThis research evaluated the efficiency of ethanolic extracts from yerba mate leaves (Ilex paraguariensis), coffee leaves (coffea arabica), and jambolan pulp (Syzygium cumini Lamarck) through the application of the simplex-centroid mixture design, the super modified simplex optimization algorithm, and the functions of desirability, using the induction period (IP) and the rate constant (k) of the biodiesel oxidation reaction at 110 °C as responses. Antioxidant activity was observed in all extracts, manifesting either by reducing the rate constant or extending the biodiesel induction period in comparison to the control sample. The mathematical models derived from the simplex-centroid design exhibited adjusted determination coefficients of 0.990 for the IP model and 0.960 for the k model. Analysis of variance indicated the significance of both models at the 5% significance level for IP and k, with p1 = 7.382 × 10−4 and p2 = 1.177 × 10−3, respectively. The lack of fit was not significant at the same level with p1 = 0.132 and p2 = 0.653, showing that they can be used for predictive purposes. The analysis of the response surface and optimization using the super modified simplex method revealed that higher proportions of coffee leaves extract in the mixture yielded superior IP values and lower k values.Item Variability of photosynthetic performance among improved genotypes of Coffea canephora(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2025-05-09) Colodetti, Tafarel Victor; Tomaz, Marcelo Antonio; Rodrigues, Wagner Nunes; Christo, Bruno Fardim; Martins, Lima Deleon; Cavatte, Paulo CezarThis study evaluated the variability of photosynthetic performance of 27 improved genotypes of Conilon coffee, cultivated in the Southern of the Espírito Santo State. The photosynthetic performance was based on the measurement of gas exchange rates and chlorophyll in the period most favorable to the photosynthetic activity and in different stages of the reproductive cycle: flowering, fruit initiation, grain formation and fruit maturation; being expressed as the average (weighted by the number of days) along the phenological stages of the third reproductive cycle of the plants. It was possible to verify the existence of sufficient variability to differentiate the photosynthetic performance among the 27 genotypes throughout the reproductive cycle, even starting from a group of already improved genotypes. Among the physiological parameters, the rate of carbon assimilation, stomatal conductance and the transpiration rate stood out as parameters for the study of variability, mainly due to their contributions to the clustering of genotypes. The genotype 108 is highlighted due to its high photosynthetic rate, associated with higher relative content of chlorophyll, as well as reasonable water use efficiency. The genotypes 205, 206 and 305 stood out in terms of water use and carbon assimilation.Item Deep soil tillage and mineral and organic fertilization for Coffea canephora cultivation(Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", 2025-05-23) Calvache, Diego Fernando Arcos; Mattiello, Edson Marcio; Castro, Gustavo Franco de; Cuichán, Cristian Mauricio Vega; Assis, Igor Rodrigues deIn the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, the production of conilon coffee plays a pivotal role in the economy, accounting for 75 % of national production. However, the growth of coffee roots is impeded by physical limitations in subsurface soil, primarily due to natural compaction, which restricts access to nutrients and water. To address these challenges, the implementation of deep soil tillage, along with mineral and organic fertilizers have been proposed as potential solution. These practices aim to alleviate or eliminate the constraints on root growth in deeper soil layers. The present study to assessed the effects of deep soil tillage and mineral and organic fertilization on coffee productivity and quality. The experiment was conducted in São Gabriel da Palha, Espírito Santo state, Brazil, following a simple arrangement of five treatments, employing a randomized block design with four replications. The treatments were as follows: t1 = soil tillage at 60 cm depth and standard fertilization; t2 = soil tillage at 60 cm depth, mineral fertilizer, chicken manure, and biochar; t3 = deep soil tillage at 150 cm depth and mineral fertilization; t4 = deep soil tillage at 150 cm depth, mineral fertilizer, and chicken manure; t5 = deep soil tillage at 150 cm depth, mineral fertilizer, chicken manure, and biochar. The outcomes of this study revealed that deep soil tillage, in conjunction with mineral and organic fertilization, significantly improved the chemical properties throughout the soil profile. This combination of practices increased accumulated productivity of up to 30 % following five consecutive coffee harvests. These findings underscore the importance of reducing or eliminating chemical constraints in cohesive soils as a pivotal practice for enhancing coffee yields.Item Mechanized and irrigated coffee cultivation promotes physical subsurface constraints in Oxisols(Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 2025-06-16) Escobar, Katherine Martinez; Silva, Laís Maria Rodrigues; Morais, Keise Duarte Bacelar de; Neves, Júlio César Lima; Oliveira, Teogenes Senna deSoils of the Cerrados (Brazilian Savanna) are deep, well-structured, and well-drained, with flat to gently undulating terrain that favors mechanization for coffee cultivation. However, these soils are susceptible to compaction. This study aimed to assess the effect of mechanization on the physical characteristics of an Oxisol under irrigated coffee cultivation in the Alto Paranaíba-Minas Gerais State. We selected eight areas with different cultivars and years of Arabica coffee plantation, sampling five positions: right soil under the tree crown (RSC), right tractor lines (RTL), interrows (IR), left tractor lines (LTL), and left soil under the tree crown (LSC) at layers of 0.00-0.10, 0.10-0.20, 0.20-0.30, and 0.30-0.40 m. We conducted principal component analysis (PCA) and analysis of variance, comparing means through Tukey’s test (p<0.05). The PCA selected three principal components (PC1, PC2, and PC3) composed of 12 physico-chemical properties from a total of 27 evaluated. Total porosity (TP), mean penetration resistance (PRmean), volumetric moisture (θ) at 100 kPa (θ 100 kPa) and 300 kPa (θ 300 kPa) tensions, particle density (PD), and granulometric fractions (clay, fine sand, and coarse sand) were among the most influential attributes. Total porosity and PRmean demonstrated the existence of compaction in the tractor wheel tracks, particularly in the 0.00-0.20 m layer. The 3.5-year-old plantation did not show significant variations in these properties. The θ 100 kPa and θ 300 kPa were higher in the compacted areas, indicating increased water retention but potentially limiting aeration. Clay content increased with depth, while sand fractions decreased, influencing the soil susceptibility to compaction. The vigor of coffee plants, as identified by satellite images (NDVI), could not be fully associated with the physical constraints of the subsurface, as even areas with low vigor did not consistently correlate with poor physical properties in laboratory analyses. These findings highlight the complex interplay between soil physical properties and coffee plant performance, emphasizing the need for comprehensive management strategies in mechanized coffee cultivation.Item Development of a mobile application for the sustainable management of coffee(Escola de Agronomia - UFG, 2025-08-04) Hernández Rodríguez, José Luis; Dávila, José Francisco Ramírez; Cuevas, Rodolfo Serrato; López, Delfina de Jesús Pérez; Jiménez, Federico Benjamín GalachoThe coffee quality has been threatened by phytosanitary and nutritional problems, which have significantly reduced its production and yield. This study aimed to develop a mobile application that allows to create and manage plots using platforms such as Flutter for the front-end and Flask for the back-end, combined with geostatistical techniques to generate semivariograms, kriging and density maps, in order to estimate the spatial distribution and behaviour of a pest, as well as the spatial distribution of the primary macronutrients NPK, so that corrective actions can be taken at the right time, covering specific areas, and reducing environmental impacts, investment costs in fertilizers and pesticides, and helping to increase the coffee yield and quality.Item A design of experiment strategy for quality control of specialty coffee drink based on sensory analysis and statistical tools(Instituto de Tecnologia de Alimentos – ITAL, 2024-12-06) Pinto, Licarion; Lopes Júnior, Hilton; Alves, Enrique Anastácio; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara; Gois, Jefferson Santos deSensory analysis is crucial for assessing food and beverage quality, but discrepancies may arise in some cases and make the quality evaluation imprecise even with statistical analysis. This issue can be mitigated by sensory analysis based on the coffee drink nuanced characteristics. Therefore, in this study, six Q-Graders, following the Specialty Coffee Association of America's sensory analysis method, evaluated various samples and the data was evaluated statistically. The experiment employed a multilevel categorical design, encompassing six evaluator levels, 44 sample levels, and two types of quality assessment. Grades were assigned to the 44 samples using traditional evaluation (no comments) and guided evaluation (prior sample information). It was possible to identify evaluators whose assessments were unbiased across both guided and traditional evaluations. This work introduced a novel strategy to identify biased evaluators, assess the impact of evaluation types, and perform a more accurate assessment of Coffea canephora Pierre ex-Froehner (coffee) quality and assurance assisted with statistical analysis.Item Genetic parameters and chemical characterization of conilon coffee accessions under irrigation in the Cerrado(Editora da Universidade Estadual de Maringá - EDUEM, 2024-10-25) Brige, Felipe Augusto Alves; Amabile, Renato Fernando; Malaquias, Juaci Vitória; Celestino, Sonia Maria Costa; Fagioli, Marcelo; Delvico, Francisco Marcos dos Santos; Veiga, Adriano Delly; Sala, Pedro Ivo Aquino LeiteThe objective of this study was to identify the genetic, phenotypic and environmental parameters related to chemical compounds associated with beverage quality in a conilon coffee collection, grown in an irrigated system, in the Cerrado. The experiment was carried out at Embrapa Cerrados using green grains harvested in two years from 84 genotypes of the cultivar Robusta Tropical. Caffeine content, protein, ether extract, total soluble solids, pH and titratable acidity were evaluated. The data were subjected to analysis of variance. Significant differences were observed at 1% probability among accessions for all evaluated chemical characteristics in both harvest years. The high heritability, genetic coefficients of variation and selective accuracy reveal the potential for achieving genetic gains via the selection of genotypes adapted to the irrigated system in the Cerrado combined with high beverage quality.Item Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities associated with coffee intercropped with grevillea(Sociedade Botânica do Brasil, 2024-12-02) Santos, Roberta de Souza; Miguel, Divino Levi; Freitas, Leandro Martins de; Assis, Fábia Giovana do Val de; Teixeira, Valber Dias; Kemmelmeier, Karl; Stürmer, Sidney Luiz; Leal, Patrícia LopesArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) communities in coffee-cultivated areas in the northeastern region of Brazil have been insufficiently studied when compared to other Brazilian regions. This study determined AMF occurrence and richness in coffee-cultivated soils under different management systems in the State of Bahia, Brazil, and in soils from surrounding areas with pasture and native forest (control areas). Physicochemical soil characteristics in the different study areas were also evaluated. A total of 43 AMF spore morphotypes in 14 genera belonging to six families were recovered from soil samples from all study areas: Glomeraceae (35%), Acaulosporaceae (35%), Gigasporaceae (21%), Ambisporaceae (5%), Archaeosporaceae (2%) and Diversisporaceae (2%). Rhizophagus fasciculatus, Acaulospora mellea and Glomus sp. 1 were the most frequent fungi found in all areas. In the coffee-cultivated areas, 12 genera were identified, two of which (Dominikia and Fuscutata) had not yet been reported in association with coffee plants in Brazil. We concluded that soil physicochemical properties and AMF occurrence can distinguish study areas based on land use. The different coffee management systems did not influence AMF species richness, but the occurrence was influenced by both management and soil factors.