Biblioteca do Café
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Item A design of experiment strategy for quality control of specialty coffee drink based on sensory analysis and statistical tools(Instituto de Tecnologia de Alimentos – ITAL, 2024-12-06) Pinto, Licarion; Lopes Júnior, Hilton; Alves, Enrique Anastácio; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara; Gois, Jefferson Santos deSensory analysis is crucial for assessing food and beverage quality, but discrepancies may arise in some cases and make the quality evaluation imprecise even with statistical analysis. This issue can be mitigated by sensory analysis based on the coffee drink nuanced characteristics. Therefore, in this study, six Q-Graders, following the Specialty Coffee Association of America's sensory analysis method, evaluated various samples and the data was evaluated statistically. The experiment employed a multilevel categorical design, encompassing six evaluator levels, 44 sample levels, and two types of quality assessment. Grades were assigned to the 44 samples using traditional evaluation (no comments) and guided evaluation (prior sample information). It was possible to identify evaluators whose assessments were unbiased across both guided and traditional evaluations. This work introduced a novel strategy to identify biased evaluators, assess the impact of evaluation types, and perform a more accurate assessment of Coffea canephora Pierre ex-Froehner (coffee) quality and assurance assisted with statistical analysis.Item Fruit and bean traits of the Coffea canephora genotypes most grown in western Amazon(Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa, 2024-11-25) Lopes Júnior, Hilton; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Silva, Adriele Nunes Rodrigues; Moraes, Amanda de Oliveira; Alves, Enrique Anastácio; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Teixeira, Alexsandro LaraThe objective of this work was to quantify the genetic diversity and selection gains regarding the physical traits of the fruits and beans of the 86 Coffea canephora clones most grown in western Amazon. The clones were evaluated as to the effects of genotypes (G), years (Y), and the GxY interaction. Genetic progress was quantified considering combined selection and direct selection for coffee bean weight. Although there was a GxY interaction, based on repeatability estimates the plants presented a similar performance over time. A positive correlation was observed between fruit and bean weight, except for some genotypes, such as R22, AS5, and 'BRS 3210', which presented larger beans and smaller fruit, and as BG180, P42, LB60, G20, and N12, with larger fruit and smaller beans. Using selection for the main trait, the estimates of genetic progress were similar to those obtained through different selection indexes, through which 14 genotypes with a higher bean weight were selected. The evaluated C. canephora clones exhibit high genetic diversity for the selection of plants with higher grain mass.Item Formas de expressar o rendimento do café, relação entre frutos in natura e grãos beneficiados, em cafeeiros Coffea canephora no Brasil(Embrapa Rondônia, 2024-01) Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara; Partelli, Fábio Luiz; Diocleciano, João MariaO rendimento do café gera interesse aos cafeicultores dos diferentes estados produtores e de diferentes níveis tecnológicos, esta característica é avaliada e expressa de diferentes formas pelas instituições de pesquisa e pelos cafeicultores. Na pesquisa, o rendimento é comumente expresso em termos percentuais ou pela relação massa/massa (kg). Os agricultores, por sua vez, referem-se a ela por meio da relação volume (litros, sacos ou latas) / massa (kg). Nesta publicação, vamos apresentar as principais formas de expressão do rendimento do café da espécie C. canephora utilizadas no Brasil.Item Unraveling the genetic diversity of coffee processing traits in Coffea canephora(Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2024-08-26) Silva, Adriele Nunes Rodrigues; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Moraes, Amanda de Oliveira; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara; Alves, Enrique AnastácioWith advancements in coffee cultivation, several traits may be considered in selection of plants, which must exhibit a set of favorable characteristics. The outturn index, defined as the relationship between the mass of mature fruit and processed beans, emerges as a key factor influencing productivity. This study characterized the outturn over two harvests of 57 clones marketed in the public domain and 10 registered cultivars. The analysis considers the effects of genotypes, measurements, and genetic progress achieved through plant selection. According to the maturation cycle of each clone, washed samples of cherry coffee were collected considering a completely randomized factorial design for characterization of the effects of genotypes, years, and the genotype × years (GY) interaction. The drying, peeling, and the outturn index were individually assessed. Despite the significant effects of the GY interaction, genotypes demonstrated minimal alterations in their ranking across measurements. Clones with higher outturn, including LB30, BRS1216, LB12, N7, LB10, LB20, BRS3220, and AS5, exhibited an average outturn of 25.51%, reflecting a gain of 12.17%. Conversely, clones with lower outturn, such as BG180, GJ30, GJ20, AS7, AS10, P42, N1, and P60, had an average of 19.15%, indicating a reduction of 14.02% compared to the general mean. Analyzing the distribution of the outturn values, 19.4%, 62.7%, and 17.9% of genotypes were classified as high, medium, and low outturn, respectively, providing valuable insights for optimal cultivation strategies.Item Caffeine and chlorogenic acid content of Coffea canephora cultivars in different environments(Universidade Federal de Lavras, 2023-11-19) Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Alves, Enrique Anastacio; Tadeu, Hugo Cesar; Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara; Bizzo, Humberto Ribeiro; Antoniassi, Rosemar; Pacheco, Sidney; Santiago, Manuela Cristina Pessanha de AraujoCoffee plants of the Coffea canephora species are currently grown in tropical regions throughout the world, and both greater yield efficiency and greater beverage quality are important considerations. The aim of this study is to characterize the content of caffeine and of chlorogenic acids of C. canephora cultivars in different environments. According to the maturation cycle of each clone, samples of cherry coffee were collected from ten cultivars evaluated in the environments of Porto Velho, RO, Ouro Preto do Oeste, RO and Manaus, AM. These environments with contrasting characteristics represent most of the coffee fields established in the Am and Aw climate types in Latossolos Vermelhos and Latossolos Amarelos, typical of the Western Amazon. The results were analyzed considering the factorial design to quantify the effects of genotypes, of environments, and of the genotype × environment interaction (GE) on the caffeine and chlorogenic acid contents. Regardless the significant GE effects, the caffeine and chlorogenic acid content exhibited predominantly genetic control. In comparison to the caffeine, the chlorogenic acid content was more affected by the environment effects, displaying more variations in the genotypes performance across the environments. The significant positive association between the caffeine and chlorogenic acid contents favors the selection of plants that simultaneously have greater or lower contents of both traits. The selection of clone BRS3210 resulted in a selection gain of 14.99% in caffeine content, while the cultivation of the clone BRS3193 yielded a selection gain of 10.81% in chlorogenic acid content. The selection of clone BRS2299 resulted in a reduction of 21.85% in caffeine content and of 9.15% in chlorogenic acid content.Item In vitro pollination and fluorescence microscopy for characterization of gametophytic selfincompatibility of Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner(Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology, 2021-11-20) Souza, Carolina Augusto de; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Santos, Maurício Reginaldo Alves dos; Lopes, Tatiane Almeida; Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara; Espindula, Marcelo CuritibaThe objectives of this study were to optimize in vitro pollination and fluorescence microscopy procedures to characterize the gametophytic selfincompatibility of Coffea canephora genotypes. For that purpose, 115 in vitro pollinations were carried out among 30 parent plants of the Conilon (17) and Robusta (13) botanical varieties. Tester plants of compatibility groups I, II, and III were used as pollen grain donors. On the day of anthesis, pollen grains of the donor genotypes were transferred in vitro to one of the sides of the bifid stigma of each receptor flower. After 30 hours, the development of the pollen tubes was evaluated in fluorescence microscopy. Eleven genotypes (37%) were classified in compatibility Group I, thirteen (43%) in Group II, and six (20%) in Group III. In vitro pollination allowed reduction in the time necessary to diagnose compatibility, without exhibiting contamination caused by the presence of pollen grains of non-donor plants.Item Expression of self-incompatibility in Coffea canephora genotypes grown in the western Amazon(Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa, 2022-12-05) Depolo, Rodrigo Prado; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Souza, Carolina Augusto de; Santos, Maurício Reginaldo Alves dos; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Teixeira, Alexsandro LaraThe objective of this work was to characterize the expression of gametophytic self-incompatibility in a Coffea canephora breeding population, to assist in the management and development of new cultivars. For that purpose, 550 in vitro pollinations were carried out among 62 parent plants, of which 27 were from the conilon botanical variety and 35 from the robusta. Thirty-two genotypes compatible with all previously known testers were identified, suggesting the existence of new compatibility groups. From these results, hybridizations were carried out in a complete diallel design with reciprocal crosses to characterize new test plants. Based on the compatibility response with the test plants, the genotypes were clustered into the six following groups: group I, 11 (17.74%) genotypes; group II, 13 (20.97%); group III, 6 (9.68%); group IV, 9 (14.52%); group V, 8 (12.90%); and group VI, 15 (24.19%). The genotypes of the botanical variety robusta show a higher frequency of plants in compatibility group VI and a greater genetic variability, whereas those of the conilon variety have a higher frequency of plants in compatibility group II. The identification of new compatibility groups assists in new management practices that seek to increase the efficiency of pollination by favoring, through natural means, fully compatible crosses.Item Environmental stratification and performance of Coffea canephora clones grown in the Western Amazon(Editora UFLA, 2021) Moraes, Marcos Santana; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Ferreira, Fábio Medeiros; Souza, Carolina Augusto de; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Teixeira, Alexsandro LaraChange in the performance of clones grown in different environments is an important question for Coffea canephora breeding. The aim of this study was to evaluate environmental stratification and the performance of C. canephora clones grown in the Western Amazon. For that purpose, the mean yield of three crop seasons was considered to evaluate the performance of 20 genotypes grown in 6 clonal competition trials in the environments of: E1: Ouro Preto do Oeste-RO, E2: Porto Velho-RO, E3: Ariquemes-RO, E4 and E5: Rio Branco-AC and E6: Alta Floresta do Oeste-RO. The trials were conducted with a plant spacing of 3 m × 1.5 m in a complete block experimental design, with three replications of eight plants per plot. Combined analysis indicated significance of the genotype × environment (G×E) interaction and favorable conditions to obtain gains from selection. Reduction in the dimensionality estimated from climate and soil characteristics indicated that the environments of Porto Velho-RO, Rio Branco-AC and Ariquemes-RO are more similar to each other than the environments of Ouro Preto do Oeste-RO and Alta Floresta-RO of greater natural soil fertility and higher altitude. The AMMI1 biplot shows that genotypes 16, 10, and 13 had the highest mean yields, together with greater stability. In the AMMI2 scatterplot (IPCA1×IPCA2), the environ ments E4 and E5 were clustered in the same sector. Clustering based on the complex fraction of the G×E interaction coincided with the AMMI2 scatterplot that clustered the E4 and E5 environments in a single mega-environment. Except for these environments, all the others clustered as locations of different biotic and abiotic stress conditions. This result shows the importance of maintaining evaluations in these environments, which represent the conditions of the coffee fields in the region.Item Amazonian Robustas - new Coffea canephora coffee cultivars for the Western Brazilian Amazon(Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology, 2020) Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Ramalho, André Rostand; Vieira Júnior, José Roberto; Alves, Enrique Anastácio; Lunz, Aureny Maria Pereira; Souza, Flávio de França; Costa, José Nilton Medeiros; Fernandes, Cleberson de FreitasAmazonian Robustas are ten new clones of high yield potential with characteristics typical of the botanical varieties conilon and robusta. With individual registration, the new cultivars were developed to be grown together with other clones, with flexibility of composition of the crops according to the preference of the producer.Item Coffea canephora breeding: estimated and achieved gains from selection in the Western Amazon, Brazil(Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2021) Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara; Ramalho, Andre Rostand; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Lunz, Aureny Maria Pereira; Souza, Flavio de FrançaGain from selection is an important criterion in quantifying the efficiency of breeding programs. This study quantified the selection gain estimated under experimental conditions and realized gain achieved in the field, seeking to interpret the efficiency of the Coffea canephora selection. For that purpose, we considered experiments that began in 2004 with directed hybridizations to obtain new hybrid progenies. From a breeding population composed of 288 hybrid individuals, 12 genotypes were selected in experimental conditions from 2005 to 2012, with amplitude in the estimated gains from 127.70 to−19.19%. Those genotypes were evaluated from 2012 to 2018 in clonal tests in four environments of the Western Amazon. The environment that exhibited the greatest correlation between the predicted genetic values and the realized genetic gain observed in the field was the environment of Ouro Preto do Oeste, RO (0.67), the location in which the plants were selected, followed by the environments of Alta FlorestaD´Oeste, RO (0.44), Rio Branco, AC (0.43), and Porto Velho, RO (0.37). Experimental conditions showed that the effect due to dominance deviations was approximately three times greater than the additive effect. Nine clones exhibited higher genetic gains in the experimental conditions and at field, and two clones exhibited lower estimated gains and lower field performance.The clone G17-P7 exhibited high genetic gain under experimental conditions and low field performance. The selection in experimental conditions was positively correlated with plant performance in the field (r=0.55), which allows reduction of the original breeding population to a set of more promising clones to be grown in multiple environments, optimizing time and resources.