Navegando por Autor "Silva, Glauber Henrique Barbosa da"

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Adaptations to the drought season and impacts on the yield of ‘Híbrido de Timor’ coffee tree in the Minas Gerais State Cerrado (Brazilian Savanna)
(Escola de Agronomia - UFG, 2022-09-02) Santos, Cyntia Stephânia dos; Freitas, Ana Flávia de; Silva, Glauber Henrique Barbosa da; Carvalho, Milene Alves de Figueiredo; Santos, Meline de Oliveira; Carvalho, Gladyston Rodrigues; Silva, Vânia Aparecida
Climate change threatens the survival of commercial crops due to their narrow genetic base. One of the alternatives is the identification of plants with potential for abiotic stress tolerance. This study aimed to verify the physiological and anatomical adaptations to the drought period and the impacts on the yield of ‘Híbrido de Timor’ coffee tree accessions. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a 7 x 2 factorial arrangement, being seven genotypes (UFV 377-21, UFV 377-21, UFV 442-42, BE 5 Wush-Wush x UFV 366-08, UFV 428-02, UFV 376-31 and UFV 427-55) and two seasonal periods (dry and rainy), with two replications. The stomatal conductance; predawn water potential; levels of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde; activity of the enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase and ascorbate oxidase; ascorbate content; cuticle thickness of the adaxial surface and leaf lamina; stomatal density; ratio between polar and equatorial diameter; phloem area; area, diameter and frequency of xylem vessels; relative hydraulic conductivity; vulnerability index; and yield were evaluated. The results showed acclimatization of the accessions to the dry period, with some of them maintaining higher water potential values in the predawn; induction of the antioxidant system with the increase in the activity of the superoxide dismutase enzyme and ascorbate levels; increase in the cuticle and leaf lamina thickness; and a higher ratio between polar and equatorial diameters. Most of the evaluated accessions showed a good productive performance, especially the ‘UFV 377-21’, ‘UFV 442-42’ and ‘UFV 376-31’, with adaptations to the dry period and yield potential.
Selection of genotypes of Coffea arabica for drought tolerance based on anatomical and physiological characteristics
(Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, 2025-03-31) Santos, Cyntia Stephânia dos; Freitas, Ana Flávia de; Silva, Glauber Henrique Barbosa da; Tavares, Maria Clara dos Santos; Carvalho, Milene Alves de Figueiredo; Santos, Meline de Oliveira; Carvalho, Gladyston Rodrigues; Silva, Vânia Aparecida
Climate change affects crop productivity, with forecasts for the coming years pointing to increased temperatures and changes in rainfall distribution. This paper aimed to identify genotypes of Coffea arabica that are potentially drought-tolerant. Seven germplasm genotypes of Timor Hybrid were evaluated in comparison to two cultivars considered as sensitive and drought-tolerant. These were submitted to two water treatments, the first maintaining water availability and the second with complete suspension of irrigation. The physiological characteristics analyzed were gas exchange and predawn leaf water potential. For leaf anatomy, characteristics of the leaf lamina, conductive vessels and stomata were evaluated. It was found that some genotypes were able to maintain gas exchange even under low water availability. For these genotypes, the analysis of leaf anatomy presented an increase in cuticle thickness on the adaxial face, in the relationship between polar and equatorial diameters of stomata, in addition to a lower vulnerability index. A positive relationship was observed between adaxial phase cuticle thickness and water use efficiency. The Timor Hybrid UFV 377-21, UFV 376-31 and the cultivar IPR100 were the highlights among the genotypes analyzed, which presented adaptations that allowed the maintenance of the hydric status in the initial development phase.
Trocas gasosas e relações hídricas de genótipos de Coffea arabica L. submetidos ao déficit hídrico
(Embrapa Café, 2019-10) Santos, Cyntia Stephânia dos; Silva, Glauber Henrique Barbosa da; Freitas, Ana Flávia de; Tavares, Maria Clara dos Santos; Sousa, Nicolas Bedô Teodoro de; Pires, Túlio de Paula; Carvalho, Gladyston Rodrigues; Carvalho, Milene Alves de Figueiredo; Silva, Vânia Aparecida
Objetivou-se avaliar as trocas gasosas e as relações hídricas de genótipos de Coffea arabica L submetidos ao déficit hídrico a fim de auxiliar o programa de melhoramento genético do cafeeiro em relação à escolha de genótipos tolerantes à seca. O experimento foi instalado na casa de vegetação da Estação Experimental da EPAMIG em Lavras- MG. Foram utilizados 15 acessos de Coffea arabica do Banco Ativo de Germoplasma da EPAMIG em Patrocínio-MG, além de dois genótipos, um considerado tolerante (IPR 100) e o outro sensível (Rubi MG1192) à deficiência hídrica. Foram realizados dois tratamentos hídricos, o primeiro mantendo a umidade de solo na Capacidade de Campo e o segundo com suspensão total da irrigação. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados e o ensaio foi constituído por 34 tratamentos, em esquema fatorial 17x2 (genótipos x tratamento hídrico). Para cada tratamento foram consideradas quatro repetições e cada parcela experimental foi constituída por uma planta. Aos 26 dias após a suspensão da irrigação foram avaliados a taxa fotossintética líquida e o potencial hídrico antemanhã para avaliar as trocas gasosas e as relações hídricas, respectivamente. Os resultados demonstraram variabilidade nos genótipos avaliados quanto a tolerância ao déficit hídrico considerando as variáveis analisadas. Os genótipos 2, 3, 4, 5, 10 e 17 apresentaram valores inferiores de potencial hídrico em relação aos demais genótipos. Maiores valores médios de potencial hídrico associados a maior taxa fotossintética líquida foram observados nos genótipos 1, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 15 e 16. Concluiu-se que os genótipos de Coffea arabica L. apresentaram variabilidade nas trocas gasosas e relações hídricas, indicando diferentes estratégias de tolerância frente ao déficit hídrico.