Bem vindo à Biblioteca do Café
O SBICafé é um repositório temático da produção científica das instituições que integram o Consórcio Brasileiro de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento do Café (Consórcio Pesquisa Café). Seu objetivo é unificar e facilitar o acesso à produção científica das instituições consorciadas, no que se refere a temas relacionados ao agronegócio do café, aumentando assim a visibilidade, o uso e o impacto dos resultados das pesquisas depositadas, no intuito de fortalecer os projetos desenvolvidos em torno do Programa Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento do Café (PNP D/Café), aumentando sua produtividade, progresso e recompensas.
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Partitioning of nitrate reductase activity in Coffea arabica L. and its relation to carbon assimilation under different irradiance regimes
(Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology, 2007-03-26) Carelli, Maria Luiza C.; Fahl, Joel I.
The distribution of in vivo nitrate reductase (EC 1.6.6.1) activity (NRA) between leaves and roots was studied in young coffee plants (Coffea arabica L.) grown in pots with watered sand in a glasshouse and irrigated with nutrient solution. The influence of irradiance regimes on the partitioning of NRA, and its relation with CO2 assimilation, was also evaluated in plants grown under approximately 20, 50 and 100% of full sunlight. Time-course of nitrate accumulation in nitrogen-starved plants showed a similar pattern in leaves and roots after supplying 15 mmol L-1 nitrate, indicating efficient ability of the roots to export nitrate to the shoot. At the same time, NRA was rapidly induced in both tissues. In shoots, NRA partitioning was synchronized among the various leaf pairs. The initial increase in NRA, as each leaf pair emerged, coincided with the optimum NRA values of the next older leaf pair. However, the average shoot NRA remained relatively constant for each sampling date. During the first 23 weeks of vegetative growth, the mean NRA was 32% higher in leaves than in roots. The irradiance regimes influenced the partitioning of NRA between leaves and roots. The NRA leaf /root ratio was 0.72, 1.21 and 1.05, respectively, for plants grown under 20%, 50% and 100% of full sunlight. Leaf NRA was positively correlated with CO2 assimilation, in response to irradiance regimes. Under favorable CO2 assimilation conditions, higher NRA was observed in leaves than in roots, and the contrary trend occurred under limiting CO2 assimilation conditions. Under moderate irradiance regime the leaves were the main site of nitrate reduction, contributing with 70% of the whole plant nitrate assimilation.
Antifungal compounds as a mechanism to control Hemileia vastatrix by antagonistic bacteria
(Sociedade Brasileira de Fitopatologia, 2013-10-29) Haddad, Fernando; Saraiva, Rodrigo M.; Mizubuti, Eduardo S. G.; Romeiro, Reginaldo S.; Maffia, Luiz A.
Pseudomonas putida P286 and Bacillus thuringiensis B157 controlled coffee rust under greenhouse and field conditions. Now we studied the mechanism(s) of antagonism of both bacteria to Hemileia vastatrix. Bacterial effects on urediniospore germination and disease severity were evaluated in experiments with six treatments: (i) growth broth, (ii) supernatant centrifugation, (iii) bacterial cell centrifugation and re-suspension, (iv) UV inactivation of the bacteria, (v) 523 medium, and (vi) saline solution. The treatments i to iii reduced both spore germination and disease severity. Each isolate was applied at different concentrations and time periods before inoculation of H. vastatrix. The efficiency in controlling rust was reduced at the lowest concentrations and at the largest intervals between applications. In spatial separation experiments, both bacteria did not induce systemic protection, whereas protected locally the coffee plants against H. vastatrix. Therefore, the mechanism of both isolates against H. vastatrix is attributed to the production of antifungal compound (s).
Influência da teia de Oligonychus ilicis (McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae) sobre os fitoseídeos predadores associados
(Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil, 2010-03-12) Franco, Renato A; Reis, Paulo R; Zacarias, Mauricio S; Oliveira, Daniel C
Oligonychus ilicis (McGregor) is among those mite species that can cause damage to coffee plants (Coffea spp.). Species of Phytoseiidae acari are considered the most important and studied predatory mites. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the webbing produced by O.ilicis on its predation by females of the phytoseiids Iphiseiodes zuluagai Denmark & Muma, Euseius citrifolius Denmark & Muma and Amblyseius herbicolus (Chant). Four bioassays were conducted, with three treatments and ten replicates. Each replicate consisted of 25 O.ilicis per experimental unit (a leaf disc of Coffea arabica) according to the tested developmental stage, in independent experiments. To spin the web, 15 adult females were put on each experimental unit for 24h; females were then removed, leaving only the web, and predators and prey to be tested were introduced. Predation was assessed after 24h. In the presence of webbing, the consumption of eggs, larvae and nymphs by I.zuluagai and eggs and larvae by E.citrifolius was lower. For A.herbicolus, egg predation was lower, but larval predation did not vary significantly and predation of nymphs and adults was higher in the presence of webbing. Predators as a whole were more efficient consuming larvae regardless of the presence of webbing. Considering the stages of O.ilicis altogether, webbing reduced the predation potential of I.zuluagai and E. citrifolius, but not of A. herbicolus.
Alterations in leaf anatomy and physiology caused by the red mite (Oligonychus ilicis) in plants of Coffea arabica
(Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology, 2007-06-15) Fahl, Joel I.; Queiroz-Voltan, Rachel B.; Carelli, Maria Luiza C.; Schiavinato, Marlene A.; Prado, Ana K. S.; Souza, Júlio C.
Three degrees of red mite infestation (Oligonychus ilicis McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae) were evaluated with regard to leaf anatomy, photosynthetic gas exchange and leaf ethylene production, in a commercial crop of approximately 12-year-old trees of Coffea arabica 'Catuaí Vermelho'. As a complementary study, foliar anatomy was also evaluated in a recuperated crop of C. arabica 'Mundo Novo' that had presented a high degree of red mite infestation during the dry period of the prior growing season. The red mite-infested leaves were bronze-coloured, with intensity proportional to the degree of internal damage. On feeding, the red mite introduces its stylet in the adaxial epidermis and, as a result, chloroplasts are destroyed in the feeding area. The number of chlorophyll-free cells in the palisade parenchyma was proportional to the intensity of attack by red mites. The cells of the spongy parenchyma, localized below the feeding areas of the mites, did not show any alterations, having intact chloroplasts, with the exception of some leaves that suffered from intense attack. Net photosynthesis rate declined, but only in leaves under intense red mite attack, due to destruction of chloroplasts in the attacked cells. Nevertheless, transpiration and stomatal conductance were unaffected by red mite. The concentrations of ethylene produced by the leaves were similar regardless of three levels of attack, suggesting that red mite infestation does not lead to leaf abscission. In addition, anatomical studies of 'Mundo Novo' leaves of plants that visually recovered from red mite attack showed that, even with scars present, they continued attached on the plant.
Efeito de diferentes temperaturas e exigências térmicas da cochonilha-branca Planococcus citri (Risso, 1813) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) em cafeeiro
(Instituto Biológico, 2008) Correa, L. R. B.; Santa-Cecília, L. V. C.; Souza, B.; Cividanes, F. J.
Dentre as várias espécies que compõem a família Pseudococcidae, conhecida como cochonilhabranca, tem sido relatada como importante praga de diversas culturas. Considerando a grande variabilidade ambiental a que esse inseto está submetido, objetivou-se estudar aspectos biológicos dessa cochonilha em cafeeiro (Coffea arabica) em diferentes temperaturas e determinar as suas exigências térmicas. O experimento foi conduzido em câmaras climatizadas a 70 ± 10% UR, 12 horas de fotofase e temperaturas de 15, 20, 25, 30 e 35ºC. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram que a temperatura influenciou o desenvolvimento ninfal de P. citri,exceto o segundo ínstar de machos. A duração da fase ninfal de fêmeas variou de 77 a 30 dias quando se elevou a temperatura de 15 para 30º C e a longevidade das fêmeas foi maior para as condições extremas (15 e 30º C). Na fase ninfal, houve 100% de mortalidade quando expostas a 35º C, verificando-se menor valor (30%) a 25º C. A velocidade de desenvolvimento em função da temperatura ajustou-se ao modelo linear da hipérbole. Analisando os dados de exigências térmicas verificou-se que o limite inferior de temperatura (Tb) foi menor para os diferentes ínstares dos machos em relação aos das fêmeas. Os resultados indicaram que as baixas temperaturas prolongaram o desenvolvimento do inseto, e que a temperatura mais favorável foi de 25º C e as mais desfavoráveis foram as de 15 e 35º C.
