Bem vindo à Biblioteca do Café
O SBICafé é um repositório temático da produção científica das instituições que integram o Consórcio Brasileiro de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento do Café (Consórcio Pesquisa Café). Seu objetivo é unificar e facilitar o acesso à produção científica das instituições consorciadas, no que se refere a temas relacionados ao agronegócio do café, aumentando assim a visibilidade, o uso e o impacto dos resultados das pesquisas depositadas, no intuito de fortalecer os projetos desenvolvidos em torno do Programa Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento do Café (PNP D/Café), aumentando sua produtividade, progresso e recompensas.
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Exploring drought tolerance in coffee: a physiological approach with some insights for plant breeding
(Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology, 2004-06) DaMatta, Fábio Murilo
This paper briefly reviews some selected traits (leaf area, crown architecture, water-use efficiency and carbon isotope discrimination, water relations and root characteristics), which may be explored in breeding programmes to tolerance to drought stress in arabica and robusta coffee.
Effects of different drying rates on the physiological quality of Coffea canephora Pierre seeds
(Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology, 2005-06) Rosa, Sttela Dellyzete Veiga Franco da; Brandão Júnior, Delacyr da Silva; Pinho, Édila Vilela de Resende Von; Veiga, André Delly; Silva, Luiz Hildebrando de Castro e
Desiccation tolerance in seeds depends on the species, development stage and drying conditions, especially the water removal rate. Coffea seeds are considered of intermediate performance, because they tolerate relative dehydration compared to orthodox seeds and are sensitive to low temperatures. The objective of this study was to verify the effect of different drying rates on the viability and storability of Coffea canephora seeds. A complete randomized experimental design was used, in a factorial 3 x 5 x 2 design, with three drying rates (fast, intermediate and slow), five final mean water contents after drying (51, 42, 33, 22 and 15 %) and two storage temperatures (10 and 20°C). The germination and seed vigor assessments, using radicle protrusion, cotyledon leaf opening, seedling emergence and emergence speed index, were performed shortly after drying and after two and four months storage. It was observed that with reduction in the water content there was reduction in the germination values and seed vigor, for all the drying rates. The greatest reductions in physiological quality occurred when the seeds were dried quickly and the best results were obtained at the intermediate drying rate. There was an effect of drying rate and storage temperature on the physiological quality of the seeds, and lower germination and vigor values were observed in seeds with lower water content stored at 20°C. C. canephora seeds were tolerant to desiccation down to 15 % water content and can be stored for four months at 10°C. A temperature of 20ºC can be used to store C. canephora seeds, as long as the water content is not reduced to values below 22 % water content.
Períodos de interferência de Commelina benghalensis na cultura do café recém-plantada
(Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas, 2005-09) Dias, T. C. S.; Alves, P. L. C. A.; Lemes, L. N.
A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo avaliar os períodos de interferência de Commelina benghalensis sobre o crescimento inicial de mudas de Coffea arabica, sob condições de inverno e verão. Para isso, mudas de café e, posteriormente, de trapoeraba foram transplantadas para caixas de cimento-amianto com capacidade de 70 L, utilizando solo como substrato. Os períodos de convivência ou controle foram de 0-15, 0-30, 0-45, 0-60, 075 e 0-90 dias após o plantio do cafeeiro, totalizando 12 tratamentos, dispostos em blocos casualizados, em quatro repetições. Ao término de cada período, avaliaram-se algumas características de crescimento das plantas. As características do cafeeiro mais afetadas pela trapoeraba foram a área foliar e a biomassa seca de folhas das mudas de café, sendo essas as únicas características que apresentaram reduções significativas no verão. No inverno, o número de folhas e a biomassa seca do caule também tiveram reduções significativas. Os períodos críticos de prevenção da interferência foram de 15 a 88 e 22 a 38 dias após o plantio das mudas de café, para condições de inverno e verão, respectivamente.
Induction and differentiation of reproductive buds in Coffea arabica L.
(Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology, 2005-06) Majerowicz, Nidia; Söndahl, Maro R.
The induction and differentiation phases of reproductive buds of Coffea arabica L. have not received much attention. In the present paper, axillary buds from five plagiotropic branches that developed in the same growing season without fruits (1st crop branches), and from green segments of five recently grown plagiotropic branches with fruits (2nd crop branches), were collected every two weeks during successive inductive months of the year. This study was carried out with adult arabica trees, Catuaí Vermelho cv. IAC 81, cultivated under normal farming conditions in the region of Campinas, SP, Brazil (22º54' Lat. S). Slides of longitudinal-axial sections of 10-12 mum thickness were mounted for the characterization and quantification of histological stages of bud differentiation. The results indicate that the regulatory signals controlling the phases of induction and differentiation of floral buds are distinct, and that there are differences in the response between branches with and without fruits. In the case of 1st crop branches (no fruits present), induction of floral buds took place in January and February, whereas floral bud differentiation was observed during the months of March and April. In 2nd crop branches (fruits present), the induction of floral buds was observed during any month of the year provided that they had already overcome their juvenile state (October-July, in this study). In these 2nd crop branches, the flower bud differentiation was only observed after harvesting all pre-existing fruits of each branch (after May, in this study), which suggests that floral bud differentiation in Arabica coffee is influenced by the source-sink relationship, i.e. by the presence of developing fruits within each plagiotropic branch.
Ethylene production and acc oxidase gene expression during fruit ripening of Coffea arabica L.
(Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology, 2005-09) Pereira, Luiz Filipe Protasio; Galvão, Rafaelo M.; Kobayashi, Adilson K.; Cação, Sandra Maria B.; Vieira, Luiz Gonzaga Esteves
The phytohormone ethylene is involved in several physiological and developmental processes in higher plants, including ripening of fruits, abscission of organs and tissues, senescence, wound response as well as in other abiotic stresses. The enzyme 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (ACO) catalyzes the last step of ethylene biosynthesis. The production of ethylene and the expression of a Coffea arabica ACO gene during the last stages of fruit maturation were investigated. A rapid increase of ethylene production at the green-yellow stage of fruit ripening, after the end of endosperm formation, and a decrease of ethylene production at the cherry stage indicates a climacteric phase during ripening. An ACC oxidase (Ca-ACO) from coffee fruit cDNA was cloned and characterized using primers previously reported. The cDNA is homologous to previously described ACC oxidase cDNA in Coffea. The nucleotide and amino acid deduced sequences of the clone showed high homology with ACO from climacteric fruits. Northern blots were performed to determine the Ca-ACO transcription pattern from different tissues and from fruits at different ripening stages. Coffee fruits at an early ripening stage (green) showed the lowest level of Ca-ACO transcript accumulation. The transcript levels of Ca-ACO did not change significantly during the later stages, suggesting the presence of post- transcriptional control mechanisms. These results, taken together, strongly suggest a climacteric nature of coffee fruit ripening.
